Griffin audited the financial statements of Dodger Magnificent Corporation for the year ended December 31, 2017. She completed gathering sufficient appropriate evidence on January 30 and later learned of a stock split voted by the board of directors on February 5. The financial statements were changed to reflect the split, and she now needs to dual date the report on the entity's financial statements. The proper form for dual dating the report is:
b. January 30, 2018, except as to Note X, which is dated February 5, 2018.
Explanation: When an auditor completes their work but later discovers a subsequent event, they should dual date the report. The first date represents the date when the auditor has completed their work and gathered sufficient evidence. The second date represents the date of the subsequent event, which is the stock split in this case. This method ensures that the auditor's responsibility is limited to the events occurring up to the first date and the specific event mentioned on the second date. In this case, Griffin completed her work on January 30, 2018, and the stock split occurred on February 5, 2018, so the correct dual dating format is January 30, 2018, except as to Note X, which is dated February 5, 2018.
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TOMS Shoes in 2016: An Ongoing Dedication to Social Responsibility Margaret A Peteraf Tuck School of Business at Dartmouth Sean Zhang and Meghan L Cooney Research Assistants, Dartmouth College
Assignment Questions
5. What evidence suggests whether TOMS shoes strategy is working? Does it have a competitive advantage? Is its financial performance improving or declining?
6. What strategic issues should TOMS shoes management and investors be most concerned with? Are there possible improvements to its competitive strategy? Are there internal weaknesses or external threats to its well-being that must be addressed?
To determine if TOMS Shoes' strategy is working, one should examine evidence of competitive advantage and financial performance. A competitive advantage could be seen through factors such as brand recognition, customer loyalty, and the unique "One for One" business model. To assess financial performance, look at indicators like revenue growth, profitability, and market share over time.
A competitive advantage for TOMS Shoes may come from its strong social responsibility commitment, which resonates with consumers and differentiates the brand. However, financial performance would provide a more concrete picture of the strategy's effectiveness. If financial performance is improving, it suggests that the strategy is working; if it is declining, the strategy may need to be re-evaluated.
6. TOMS Shoes management and investors should be most concerned with strategic issues such as market saturation, increasing competition, and potential changes in consumer preferences. They should also consider improvements to its competitive strategy, such as product diversification or expanding the "One for One" model to include more social initiatives.
Internal weaknesses that need to be addressed might include supply chain management or cost structure, while external threats could involve changes in regulations or economic conditions. By addressing these strategic issues and potential weaknesses or threats, TOMS Shoes can better ensure its long-term success and continued dedication to social responsibility.
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Title: Tax Planning for Corporate Taxpayers Jackson Corporation prepared the following book income statement for its year ended December 31, 2013:
Sales-------$950,000
Minus: Cost of goods sold--------(450,000)
Gross profit... $500,000
Plus: Dividends received on Invest Corporation stock------------$3,000
Gain on sale of Invest Corporation stock------------------- $30,000
Total dividends and gain $33,000
Minus: Depreciation ($7,500 + $52,000)--- $59,500
Bad debt expense----------------------$22,000
Other operating expenses-----------$105,500
Loss on sale of Equipment 1-------- $70,000
Total expenses and loss-------------- (257,000)
Net income per book before taxes-------------------- $276,000
Minus: Federal income tax expense-------- (90,000)
Net income per book---------------- $186,000
Information on equipment depreciation and sale:
Equipment 1: Acquired March 3, 2011 for $180,000
For books: 12-year life; straight-line depreciation
Sold February 17, 2013 for $80,000
Sales price $80,000
Cost $180,000 Minus: Depreciation for 2011 (1/2 year)...... $7,500
Depreciation for 2012 ($180,000/12)......$15,000
Depreciation for 2013 (1/2 year) ....$7,500
Total book depreciation........ (30,000)
Book value at time of sale....... (150,000)
Book loss on sale of Equipment 1.... $70,000
For tax: Seven-year Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System (MACRS) property for which the corporation made no Sec. 179 election in the acquisition year and elected out of bonus depreciation.
Equipment 2:
Acquired February 16, 2012 for $624,000
For books: 12-year life; straight-line depreciation
Book depreciation in 2013: $624,000/12 = $52,000
For tax: Seven-year MACRS property for which the corporation made the Sec. 179 election in 2012 but elected out of bonus depreciation.
Other information:
Under the direct write-off method, Jackson deducts $15,000 of bad debts for tax purposes.
Jackson has a $40,000 Net Operating Loss (NOL) carryover and a $6,000 capital loss carryover from last year.
Jackson purchased the Invest Corporation stock (less than 20% owned) on June 21, 2011, for $25,000 and sold the stock on December 23, 2013, for $55,000.
Jackson Corporation has a qualified production activities income of $120,000.
Tasks:
1. For 2013, calculate Jackson's tax depreciation deduction for Equipment 1 and Equipment 2, and determine the tax loss on the sale of Equipment 1.
For Equipment 1:Using the 7-year MACRS property and the mid-month convention, the depreciation for 2011 would be $12,857 (1/2 of the 14.29% rate for 6/12 months) and the depreciation for 2012 would be $27,446 (the full 14.29% rate for 12/12 months).
For 2013, since it was sold in February, only 1/2 year of depreciation would be allowed, which would be $8,199 (the 14.29% rate for 2/12 months). Therefore, the total tax depreciation deduction for Equipment 1 would be $48,502 ($12,857 + $27,446 + $8,199).
The tax loss on the sale of Equipment 1 would be calculated as follows:
Sales price $80,000
Book value at time of sale $150,000
Book loss on sale of Equipment 1 ($70,000)
Tax basis ($180,000 - $12,857 - $27,446 - $8,199) $131,498
Tax loss on sale ($80,000 - $131,498) ($51,498)
For Equipment 2:
Using the 7-year MACRS property and the mid-year convention, the depreciation for 2013 would be $89,143 (the full 14.29% rate for 6/12 months). Therefore, the tax depreciation deduction for Equipment 2 would be $89,143.
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Janice purchases large pieces of furniture for customers in her interior design business. How can she protect herself from customers not paying for the expenses she incurs on their behalf?
Answer:
A. Create an estimate for the customer when the furniture is purchased.
B. Invoice the customers for a deposit before the furniture is purchased.
C. Create a progress invoice and include the furniture as an item on it.
D. Enter a bill for the furniture and mark it as billable.
B. Invoice the customers for a deposit before the furniture is purchased.
Janice can protect herself from customers not paying for the expenses she incurs on their behalf by invoicing them for a deposit before purchasing the furniture. This will ensure that the customer has some skin in the game and is committed to paying for the expenses. Additionally, Janice can also create a clear contract or agreement with the customer that outlines the terms of the purchase, including payment schedules and consequences for non-payment. By taking these steps, Janice can minimize the risk of financial losses and maintain a healthy cash flow for her business.
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B. Invoice the customers for a deposit before the furniture is purchased.
Janice can protect herself from customers not paying for the expenses she incurs on their behalf by invoicing them for a deposit before purchasing the furniture. This will ensure that the customer has some skin in the game and is committed to paying for the expenses. Additionally, Janice can also create a clear contract or agreement with the customer that outlines the terms of the purchase, including payment schedules and consequences for non-payment. By taking these steps, Janice can minimize the risk of financial losses and maintain a healthy cash flow for her business.
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Diana purchased a new car for $35,000, she put $4,000 down and financed the rest through a 3-year car loan at 6% APR. What is her monthly car payment?
$589.45
$882.24
$943.08
$654.32
Diana's monthly car payment for a new car is $943.08. Therefore, the correct option is option 3.
To calculate Diana's monthly car payment, we need to follow these steps:1. Calculate the loan amount:
$35,000 (car price) - $4,000 (down payment) = $31,000.
2. Convert the annual interest rate to a monthly rate:
6% (annual rate) / 12 (months) = 0.5%.
3. Convert the percentage to a decimal:
0.5% / 100 = 0.005.
4. Calculate the total number of payments:
3 (years) * 12 (months) = 36 payments.
5. Calculate the monthly payment using the loan payment formula:
P = (L * r * (1 + r)^n) / ((1 + r)^n - 1),
where P is the monthly payment, L is the loan amount, r is the monthly interest rate, and n is the total number of payments.
Applying the formula:
P = ($31,000 * 0.005 * (1 + 0.005)^36) / ((1 + 0.005)^36 - 1)
P ≈ $943.08
So, Diana's monthly car payment is approximately $943.08. Your answer: $943.08.
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in the management in action case, the systems viewpoint would categorize the plant-based fibers and recycled polyester stella mccartney uses to develop "fur-free" fur as
The systems viewpoint in management recognizes the interconnectedness and interdependence of various parts of an organization. In the case of Stella McCartney's "fur-free" fur, the plant-based fibers and recycled polyester used to develop the product would be categorized as inputs in the production process.
These inputs are transformed through a series of processes into the final product, which is the "fur-free" fur. The systems viewpoint would also consider the impact of this product on various stakeholders such as customers, suppliers, employees, and the environment.
By using sustainable and eco-friendly materials, Stella McCartney is not only creating a unique and innovative product but also contributing to the larger goal of promoting environmental sustainability.
Therefore, the systems viewpoint would recognize the importance of considering the entire production process, including the inputs, processes, and outputs, to ensure the sustainability and success of the organization.
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what are the rationalizable strategies of the game ""evens or odds"" from exercise s12 in chapter 4?
Both players can use these rationalizable strategies to increase their chances of winning the "evens or odds" game.
In the game "evens or odds" from exercise S12 in Chapter 4, the rationalizable strategies for each player involve choosing between playing an even or an odd number. Both players must consider their opponent's potential choices to maximize their probability of winning.
Player 1's rationalizable strategies would involve estimating the likelihood of Player 2 selecting an even or odd number and choosing their number accordingly. Similarly, Player 2's rationalizable strategies would involve anticipating Player 1's choice between even and odd numbers and making a decision based on that information.
Both players can use these rationalizable strategies to increase their chances of winning the "evens or odds" game.
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In the game "Evens or Odds," there are two players, and each must choose to either show an even or an odd number by holding up one or two fingers.
The sum of the fingers shown determines the winner: if the sum is even, the player who chose even wins, and if the sum is odd, the player who chose odd wins. To find the rationalizable strategies of the game, we can start by analyzing the dominant strategies. However, there are no dominant strategies in this game because the outcome of the game depends on the sum of the fingers shown, not just the individual choices of each player.
Instead, we can identify rationalizable strategies by eliminating the choices that are clearly dominated by others. For example, if a player always chooses to show two fingers, this choice is dominated by the choice to show one finger because the latter gives the same chance of winning with a lower risk of losing.
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At the end of 2021, Safer Co. has accounts receivable of $700,000 and an allowance for doubtful accounts of $25.000. On January 24,2022. it is learned that the company's receivable from Madonna Inc. is not collectible and therefore management authorizes a write-off of $4,300 (a) Prepare the journal entry to record the write-off. (Credit account titles are automatically indented when amount is entered. Do not indent manually) Account Titles and Explanation Debit Credit (b) What is the cash realizable value of the accounts receivable before the write-off and after the write-off? Before Write-Off After Write-Off Cash realizable value $
The cash realizable value of the accounts receivable is also $675,000 because the write-off does not affect the total amount of accounts receivable or allowance for doubtful accounts.
Is bad debt expense debited under the allowance method of accounting for uncollectible accounts?Explanation: Under the allowance method bad debt expense is estimated and accrued at the time of the related sale. When an account is actually written off the allowance for doubtful accounts is debited and the accounts receivable is credited.
How to calculate the provision for doubtful debts 5% on debtors?The amount of provision for Doubtful Debts is calculated by debiting the amount of further Bad Debts from debtors and calculating the given percentage of provision on remaining debtors.
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currency business driver include all except: revenue generation data regulations risk
Regulations, risk, and other factors may impact the decision-making process for businesses involved in currency exchange or trading.
The currency business driver includes all of the listed factors except for revenue generation data. This is because revenue generation data is not necessarily a driving force behind currency business decisions. However, regulations, risk, and other factors may impact the decision-making process for businesses involved in currency exchange or trading.
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which is a typical result of a declaration of a cash dividend but not a declarationof a stock dividend
A typical result of a cash dividend declaration but not a stock dividend declaration is a decrease in the company's cash balance and an increase in the shareholder's cash flow.
The shareholders receive the dividend payment in cash and can use it for their personal needs or reinvest it in the company's stocks or other investment opportunities. However, there is no change in the number of shares outstanding or the company's total equity. On the other hand, a declaration of a stock dividend increases the number of outstanding shares, dilutes the earnings per share, and reduces the market value of each share. When a company declares a cash dividend, it is committing to distribute a certain amount of cash to its shareholders. This distribution reduces the company's retained earnings, as it is using the profits it has accumulated over time to pay the dividends.
Additionally, since the dividend is paid in cash, the company's cash balance also decreases. In contrast, when a company declares a stock dividend, it distributes additional shares of its stock to existing shareholders. This does not affect the company's cash balance, as no cash is being paid out. The stock dividend simply results in a redistribution of the company's equity among its shareholders, without reducing the overall value of the company's equity or retained earnings.
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Anna works as a cashier at Raney’s Pet Supply. Her manager has set the daily sales quota at $3,000 which includes upselling their grooming services. This is an example of which type of goal?Multiple Choicebehavioralobjectivetaskprojectprocedural
If her manager set the day sales goal at $3,000, upselling their grooming services is part of the goal. This is an illustration of an objective goal.
What does upselling mean in plain English?Upselling is a sales strategy where clients are persuaded to spend more money on an upgraded or premium version of the product they were initially planning to purchase. By selling a package with extra rooms, a housekeeping service could upsell a customer who has purchased a weekly cleaning plan.
How Do Sales Objectives Work?Sales reps and teams employ sales goals, which are measurable objectives, to direct them in their daily sales efforts and assist them in making broad strategic decisions. KPIs and certain sales indicators are typically the foundation for sales targets.
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Anna works as a cashier at Raney’s Pet Supply. Her manager has set the daily sales quota at $3,000 which includes upselling their grooming services. This is an example of which type of goal? Multiple Choice:
(a)behavioral
(b)objective task
(c)project
(d)procedural
The break-even point in sales dollars may be computed as:
A. total contribution margin divided by the unit contribution margin per unit
B. fixed costs divided by the difference in unit price and unit variable costs
C. the difference between total contribution margin and operating profit divided by the contribution margin ratio
D. fixed costs divided by contribution margin per unit
The break-even point in sales dollars may be computed as: D. Fixed costs divided by contribution margin per unit.
What is Break-even point?The break-even point is where the companies are successful in recovering their Cost. After this point, the additional unit of sales of the product or service gives the company a profit.
Total Revenue = Total Cost
The formula to Calculate the Break-even point is:
Break even point = Fixed cost/ contribution margin per unit
Therefore, correct option is D. Fixed costs divided by contribution margin per unit.
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automation, an advantage of using computers, may also be viewed as a disadvantage of using computers, since automation may lead to job losses for those who cannot adapt to changes. TRUE OR FALSE?
True, automation can be both an advantage and a disadvantage of using computers. On one hand, automation improves efficiency, reduces human error, and allows tasks to be completed more quickly. It can save time, money, and resources for businesses, which is a significant advantage.
On the other hand, automation can lead to job losses for those who cannot adapt to changes. As computers and technology continue to evolve, some jobs are being replaced by automated systems. For instance, manufacturing jobs have seen a decline due to the increased use of robots and automated processes.
Workers who do not have the skills to adapt to new technology may find it difficult to secure employment in an automated world.
In conclusion, while automation offers many benefits, it can also be viewed as a disadvantage for certain individuals who struggle to keep up with the ever-changing technology landscape.
The key to mitigating the negative impact of automation is to invest in education and training, enabling people to acquire the skills necessary to adapt to new technologies and job requirements.
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If the United States experiences an inflationary episode in which prices of goods and services to up faster than incomes, budget lines for U.S. consumers will:
a. shift outward
b. pivot outward
c. pivot inward
d. shift inward
pivot inward
If the United States experiences an inflationary episode in which prices of goods and services go up faster than incomes, budget lines for U.S. consumers will pivot inward. This means that the number of goods and services that consumers can afford will decrease, as their purchasing power decreases due to the increase in prices. It is important to note that a shift outward or pivot outward would indicate an increase in purchasing power, which is not the case during an inflationary episode. A pivot point is a technical analysis calculation or indicator, that helps to identify the market's general direction across a range of time frames. The pivot point itself is just the average of the high and low prices for the current trading day and the preceding trading day's closing price.
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Exercise 9.3 (Algo) Recording the establishment and replenishment of a petty cash fund. LO 9-2 On January 2, 20X1, Jasmine's Beauty Supplies Inc. Issued Check 3100 for $300 to establish a petty cash fund. On January 31, Check 3159 was issued to replenish the petty cash fund. An analysis of payments from the fund showed these totals: Supplies, $44; Delivery Expense, $85, and Miscellaneous Expense, $20. Required: Indicate how these transactions would be recorded in a general Journal. View transaction list Journal entry worksheet < 1 2 > Record the entry for Check 3100 for $300 to establish a petty cash fund
Supplies Expense (Debit) $44 Delivery Expense (Debit) $85 Miscellaneous Expense (Debit) $20 Cash (Credit) $149 Description: Issued Check 3159 to replenish the petty cash fund, analyzing the fund's payments for expenses.
Date: January 2, 20X1
Account Title | Debit | Credit
--- | --- | ---
Petty Cash Fund | $300 |
Cash | | $300
Explanation: This journal entry records the establishment of a petty cash fund by Jasmine's Beauty Supplies Inc. A check for $300 was issued to set up the fund, which means that the company's cash account decreases by $300 while the petty cash fund account increases by $300.
Record the entry for Check 3159 issued to replenish the petty cash fund
Date: January 31, 20X1
Account Title | Debit | Credit
--- | --- | ---
Supplies Expense | $44 |
Delivery Expense | $85 |
Miscellaneous Expense | $20 |
Petty Cash Fund | | $149
Explanation: This journal entry records the replenishment of the petty cash fund. Check 3159 was issued to replenish the fund with $149, which is the total of the expenses paid out of the fund. The expenses are recorded as debits to their respective expense accounts, while the credit goes to the petty cash fund account to restore it to its original balance.
Note: The total of the debits ($44 + $85 + $20) equals $149, which is the amount credited to the petty cash fund. This ensures that the accounts are in balance.
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All of the following are psychological influences except _____.
perception
reference groups
attitudes
personality
The correct answer is "reference groups."All of the following are psychological influences except _____.
Psychological influences refer to factors that affect an individual's behavior, thoughts, and emotions. Perception, attitudes, and personality are all examples of psychological influences that can impact an individual's behavior. Perception refers to how we interpret and make sense of the information we receive from our environment. Attitudes are our positive or negative feelings towards something, which can affect our behavior towards it. Personality is a set of characteristics and traits that shape an individual's behavior.
On the other hand, reference groups are social influences, not psychological influences. Reference groups are the groups that individuals use as a basis for comparison in forming their own attitudes and behavior. They include family, friends, coworkers, and other groups that are important to an individual. Reference groups can have a significant impact on an individual's behavior, but they are not considered psychological influences.
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What is the name of a short rally of several days up to two weeks following the initial bottom from a sharp news event sell-off? a. Reversal b. Spike C. Dead Cat Bounce d. Exhaustion Gap
The name of a short rally of several days up to two weeks following the initial bottom from a sharp news event sell-off is option a. "Dead Cat Bounce".
Dead Cat Bounce refers to a temporary recovery in the market that is often followed by a further sell-off, similar to the way a dead cat might bounce once before falling to the ground. A spike, on the other hand, refers to a sudden and sharp increase in price or volume, while a temporary recover is a brief period of improvement before returning to previous levels. An exhaustion gap is a gap in the market caused by an increase in trading activity that eventually leads to a decrease in volume and a return to normal levels.
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One attendee remembered McFarland standing atop a table frantically yelling instructions at the crowd. If the crowd was not able to understand McFarland's instructions because they could not hear him, it is most likely because of____ in the communications process. Multiple Choice semantic noise physiological noise psychological noise echoing noise physical noise communication
It is most likely due to a breakdown in the communications process if the crowd was unable to comprehend McFarland's instructions because they could not hear him.
What is communications process?There are four essential parts to the communication process. Encoding, transmission medium, decoding, and feedback are some of these components. Two other components are involved in the process, and they take the form of the transmitter and the recipient. There are a few typical tasks that both the sender and the receiver must finish in order to have good communication. The communication process consists of seven crucial steps: sender or source, encoding, message, medium or channel, decoding, receiver, feedback, and noise.
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our company has sold an operating plant for $5 million at neither a gain nor a loss. Given the basic accounting equation what will the result of this transaction be. a) The assets of the company will increase. b) The liabilities of the company will increase. c) The liabilities of the company may decrease. d) The assets of the company will stay the same. e) A & C only.
The correct answer is d) The assets of the company will stay the same. Since the company sold an operating plant for $5 million at neither a gain nor a loss, the transaction does not affect the total assets of the company.
The cash received from the sale will increase the cash balance on the asset side, but this will be offset by the decrease in the value of the plant on the asset side. Therefore, the assets of the company will remain the same. The transaction does not affect the liabilities of the company.
Your answer: d) The assets of the company will stay the same.
Since the operating plant was sold for $5 million at neither a gain nor a loss, this means the value of the asset was also $5 million. In this transaction, the company has exchanged one asset (the operating plant) for another asset (cash) of equal value. Thus, the overall assets of the company remain the same.
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Assuming the total population is 100 million the civilian labor force is 80 million and 76 million workers are employed, the unemployment rate is a. бреrсеnt b. 4 percent c. 8 percent d. 5 percent
The unemployment rate is 5%, which corresponds to option (d) in your question.
To calculate the unemployment rate, we'll use the following terms: total population, civilian labor force, and the number of employed workers. Here's the step-by-step explanation:
1. Total population: 100 million
2. Civilian labor force: 80 million
3. Employed workers: 76 million
To find the unemployment rate, first determine the number of unemployed workers. This is done by subtracting the number of employed workers from the civilian labor force:
Unemployed workers = Civilian labor force - Employed workers
Unemployed workers = 80 million - 76 million
Unemployed workers = 4 million
Next, calculate the unemployment rate by dividing the number of unemployed workers by the civilian labor force and multiplying by 100:
Unemployment rate = (Unemployed workers / Civilian labor force) × 100
Unemployment rate = (4 million / 80 million) × 100
Unemployment rate = 0.05 × 100
Unemployment rate = 5%
So, the unemployment rate is 5%, which corresponds to option (d) in your question.
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4) The business needs of XYZ, Inc is changing so the company will have to go through ________ to evolve its functionality.
A) preventive maintenance
B) perfective maintenance
C) corrective maintenance
D) adaptive maintenance
The business needs of XYZ, Inc. are changing, so the company will have to go through D) adaptive maintenance to evolve its functionality.
Adaptive maintenance is the process of making changes to a system or application to keep it relevant and effective in a dynamic business environment. This type of maintenance focuses on adjusting and updating the system to meet new business requirements, accommodate changes in technology, or comply with new regulations. In contrast, the other maintenance options mentioned have different focuses:
A) Preventive maintenance involves routine checks and updates to prevent potential issues before they arise, ensuring that the system remains stable and reliable. This type of maintenance is proactive and reduces the risk of unexpected failures.
B) Perfective maintenance aims to improve the system by enhancing its functionality, performance, or usability. This may involve adding new features, optimizing code, or making the user interface more user-friendly.
C) Corrective maintenance focuses on identifying and fixing errors and defects within the system. This type of maintenance is reactive, addressing issues only after they have occurred.
In summary, since the business needs of XYZ, Inc. are changing, adaptive maintenance is the most appropriate choice to evolve the company's functionality. This maintenance type will enable the company to adjust its system to meet new business requirements and adapt to changes in technology, ensuring continued effectiveness and relevancy.
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The business needs of XYZ, Inc. are changing, so the company will have to go through D) adaptive maintenance to evolve its functionality.
Adaptive maintenance is the process of making changes to a system or application to keep it relevant and effective in a dynamic business environment. This type of maintenance focuses on adjusting and updating the system to meet new business requirements, accommodate changes in technology, or comply with new regulations. In contrast, the other maintenance options mentioned have different focuses:
A) Preventive maintenance involves routine checks and updates to prevent potential issues before they arise, ensuring that the system remains stable and reliable. This type of maintenance is proactive and reduces the risk of unexpected failures.
B) Perfective maintenance aims to improve the system by enhancing its functionality, performance, or usability. This may involve adding new features, optimizing code, or making the user interface more user-friendly.
C) Corrective maintenance focuses on identifying and fixing errors and defects within the system. This type of maintenance is reactive, addressing issues only after they have occurred.
In summary, since the business needs of XYZ, Inc. are changing, adaptive maintenance is the most appropriate choice to evolve the company's functionality. This maintenance type will enable the company to adjust its system to meet new business requirements and adapt to changes in technology, ensuring continued effectiveness and relevancy.
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you completed a managerial accounting class last semester or in a prior semester and learned about budgeting concepts. how do government budgeting concepts differ from those used in a corporate setting?
Government budgeting concepts differ from those used in a corporate setting mainly in their objectives, scope, and level of transparency.
Government budgets are often influenced by political considerations and priorities, such as funding for education or healthcare. Corporate budgets, on the other hand, are primarily focused on financial performance and meeting the needs of customers and shareholders.
Government budgeting concepts and corporate budgeting concepts differ in terms of their objectives, scope, and level of transparency, with the former focusing on public service and the latter on maximizing profitability.
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When firms purchase new capital we call this?
A. investment spending
B. financial investment
C. a transfer payment
D. saving
When firms purchase new capital, we call this investment spending. The correct option is A.
Investment spending is a component of a country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and refers to the purchase of capital goods, such as machinery, equipment, and buildings, that are used in the production of goods and services.
Investment spending is critical to economic growth because it enables firms to expand their production capacity, which leads to increased output and employment. It also drives innovation and technological progress, as new capital goods are often more efficient and productive than older ones.
There are two types of investment spending: fixed investment and inventory investment. Fixed investment refers to the purchase of long-term capital goods, such as machinery and buildings, while inventory investment refers to the purchase of goods that will be held in inventory for future sales.
Investment spending is affected by a variety of factors, including interest rates, business confidence, and government policies. When interest rates are low, firms are more likely to invest because the cost of borrowing is lower. Similarly, when business confidence is high, firms are more likely to invest because they expect future demand for their products to be strong.
Overall, investment spending is a critical component of economic growth and plays a significant role in driving innovation, productivity, and job creation. The correct option is A.
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Clock skew is a problem for: A) control buses. B) address buses. C) asynchronous buses. D) synchronous buses.
Clock skew is a problem for D) synchronous buses.
In synchronous buses, devices need to use the same clock signal to ensure that data is transferred at the correct time. However, due to differences in the physical characteristics of the bus and other factors, the clock signal can arrive at different times at different devices. This difference in arrival time of the clock signal is called clock skew, and it can cause data to be sampled at the wrong time, resulting in errors.
Therefore, the correct naswer is option D.
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Transactions costs are:
A) the return to the entrepreneur.
B) the return to moving a product to market.
C) the expenses of producing a product.
D) the expenses of negotiating and executing a deal.
Transactions costs are the expenses of negotiating and executing a deal.
So, the correct answer is D.
What's transaction costTransaction costs refer to the expenses incurred in the process of making a transaction or deal, such as negotiating, drafting contracts, and enforcing agreements.
These costs include time, effort, and money spent on researching and evaluating potential partners, communicating and negotiating terms, and resolving any disputes that may arise.
Transaction costs are important to consider when making business decisions, as they can significantly impact the profitability and success of a transaction.
For this question, the correct answer is D. the expenses of negotiating and executing a deal.
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A stock sells for $21.38 a share and has a required return of 8 percent. Dividends are paid annually and increase at a constant 3.5 percent per year. What is the amount of the last dividend paid? a. $0.63 b. $0.46 c. $0.59 d. $0.50 e. $0.93
The amount of the last dividend paid (D0) is $1.65, which is closest to answer choice c. $0.59.
To solve this problem, we need to use the dividend discount model formula:
D1 = D0 x (1 + g)
Where:
D1 = the next dividend payment
D0 = the last dividend payment
g = the constant growth rate of dividends
We know that the stock sells for $21.38 a share and has a required return of 8 percent. This means that the dividend yield is:
Dividend yield = D1 / Price
0.08 = D1 / $21.38
D1 = $1.71
We also know that the dividends increase at a constant 3.5 percent per year. This means that:
D1 = D0 x (1 + g)
$1.71 = D0 x (1 + 0.035)
D0 = $1.71 / 1.035
D0 = $1.65
Therefore, the amount of the last dividend paid (D0) is $1.65, which is closest to answer choice c. $0.59.
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(Algo) Manufacturing: Preparation of a complete master budget LO P1, P2, P3
The management of Zigby Manufacturing prepared the following balance sheet for March 31.
ZIGBY MANUFACTURING
Balance Sheet
March 31
Assets Liabilities and Equity Cash $ 59,000 Liabilities Accounts receivable 455,000 Accounts payable $ 215,400 Raw materials inventory 93,000 Loan payable 31,000 Finished goods inventory 433,000 Long-term note payable 500,000 $ 746,400
Equipment $ 638,000 Equity Less: Accumulated depreciation 169,000 469,000 Common stock 354,000 Retained earnings 408,600 762,600
Total assets $ 1,509,000 Total liabilities and equity $ 1,509,000
To prepare a master budget for April, May, and June, management gathers the following information.
Sales for March total 25,000 units. Budgeted sales in units follow: April, 25,000; May, 17,000; June, 22,400; and July, 25,000. The product’s selling price is $26.00 per unit and its total product cost is $21.65 per unit.
Raw materials inventory consists solely of direct materials that cost $20 per pound. Company policy calls for a given month’s ending materials inventory to equal 50% of the next month’s direct materials requirements. The March 31 raw materials inventory is 4,650 pounds. The budgeted June 30 ending raw materials inventory is 5,900 pounds. Each finished unit requires 0.50 pound of direct materials.
Company policy calls for a given month’s ending finished goods inventory to equal 80% of the next month’s budgeted unit sales. The March 31 finished goods inventory is 20,000 units.
Each finished unit requires 0.50 hour of direct labor at a rate of $15 per hour.
The predetermined variable overhead rate is $4.60 per direct labor hour. Depreciation of $39,713 per month is the only fixed factory overhead item.
Sales commissions of 5% of sales are paid in the month of the sales. The sales manager’s monthly salary is $4,900.
Monthly general and administrative expenses include $34,000 for administrative salaries and 0.8% monthly interest on the long-term note payable.
The company budgets 30% of sales to be for cash and the remaining 70% on credit. Credit sales are collected in full in the month following the sale (no credit sales are collected in the month of sale).
All raw materials purchases are on credit, and accounts payable are solely tied to raw materials purchases. Raw materials purchases are fully paid in the next month (none are paid in the month of purchase).
The minimum ending cash balance for all months is $59,000. If necessary, the company borrows enough cash using a loan to reach the minimum. Loans require an interest payment of 1% at each month-end (before any repayment). If the month-end preliminary cash balance exceeds the minimum, the excess will be used to repay any loans.
Dividends of $29,000 are budgeted to be declared and paid in May.
No cash payments for income taxes are budgeted in the second calendar quarter. Income tax will be assessed at 35% in the quarter and budgeted to be paid in the third calendar quarter.
Equipment purchases of $100,000 are budgeted for the last day of June.
Required:
Prepare the following budgets for the months of April, May, and June:
1. Sales budget.
2. Production budget.
3. Direct materials budget.
4. Direct labor budget.
5. Factory overhead budget.
6. Selling expense budget.
7. General and administrative expense budget.
8. Schedule of cash receipts.
9. Schedule of cash payments for direct materials.
10. Cash budget.
11. Budgeted income statement for entire second quarter (not monthly).
12. Budgeted balance sheet at June 30.
1. Sales Budget of april, may and june a is $650,000, $442,000 and $582,400 respectively.
What is Sales Budget?
1. Sales Budget:
April:
Units: 25,000
Sales: 25,000 x $26 = $650,000
May:
Units: 17,000
Sales: 17,000 x $26 = $442,000
June:
Units: 22,400
Sales: 22,400 x $26 = $582,400
2. Production Budget:
April:
Units to produce: 25,000 units + 20,000 units (desired ending inventory) - 20,000 units (beginning inventory) = 25,000 units
Units to be produced = 25,000 units ÷ 0.80 (80% of next month sales) = 31,250 units
May:
Units to produce: 17,000 units x 1.25 (25% increase) + 25,000 units (desired ending inventory) - 25,000 units (beginning inventory) = 29,375 units
Units to be produced = 29,375 units ÷ 0.80 = 36,719 units (rounded)
June:
Units to produce: 22,400 units ÷ 0.80 = 28,000 units
Units to be produced = 28,000 units + 100,000 units (equipment purchases) + 36,719 units (May ending inventory) - 43,750 units (June ending inventory) = 120,969 units (rounded)
3. Direct Materials Budget:
April:
Direct materials required for production: 31,250 units x 0.50 pound per unit = 15,625 pounds
Add desired ending inventory: 5,900 pounds
Total needs: 21,525 pounds
Less beginning inventory: 4,650 pounds
Direct materials to be purchased: 16,875 pounds
Direct materials cost: 16,875 pounds x $20 per pound = $337,500
May:
Direct materials required for production: 36,719 units x 0.50 pound per unit = 18,359.5 pounds (rounded up to 18,360 pounds)
Add desired ending inventory: 6,280 pounds
Total needs: 24,640 pounds
Less beginning inventory: 5,900 pounds
Direct materials to be purchased: 18,740 pounds
Direct materials cost: 18,740 pounds x $20 per pound = $374,800
June:
Direct materials required for production: 120,969 units x 0.50 pound per unit = 60,485 pounds
Add desired ending inventory: 7,050 pounds
Total needs: 67,535 pounds
Less beginning inventory: 6,280 pounds
Direct materials to be purchased: 61,255 pounds
Direct materials cost: 61,255 pounds x $20 per pound = $1,225,100
4. Direct Labor Budget:
April:
Units to produce: 31,250 units
Direct labor per unit: 0.50 hour
Total direct labor hours: 31,250 units x 0.50 hour per unit = 15,625 hours
Direct labor cost: 15,625 hours x $15 per hour = $234,375
May:
Units to produce: 36,719 units
Direct labor per unit: 0.50 hour
Total direct labor hours: 36,719 units x 0.50 hour per unit = 18,360 hours
Direct labor cost: 18,360 hours x $15 per hour = $275,400
June:
Units to produce: 120,969 units
Direct labor per unit: 0.50 hour
Total direct labor hours: 120,969 units
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\Superclasses contain more features than their subclasses
false true
False.\Superclasses contain more features than their subclasses
In object-oriented programming, superclasses are higher in the inheritance hierarchy and are typically more general and abstract than their subclasses. As a result, subclasses typically inherit features from their superclasses and may add additional features or override existing ones. Therefore, it is more common for subclasses to contain more features than their superclasses.In object-oriented programming, a superclass is a class that is higher in the hierarchy than another class, also known as a subclass. Superclasses are also referred to as base classes or parent classes, while subclasses are sometimes called derived classes or child classes.
A superclass can define common behaviors and attributes that are inherited by its subclasses, allowing for code reuse and maintaining consistency across related classes. Subclasses can then add their own unique behaviors and attributes, while still inheriting the features of the superclass.
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When the power law is applied to unit costs, unit costs exhibit a(n) __________.Group of answer choiceslinear growthexponential decaydiminishing return growthexponential growth
When the power law is applied to unit costs, unit costs exhibit an exponential decay. Option (B) is correct answer.
The power law states that as a company increases production, unit costs decrease exponentially due to economies of scale. This means that as the company produces more, the fixed costs of production are spread out over a larger number of units, resulting in lower unit costs. This can lead to a cost curve that has a downward slope, with unit costs decreasing at an increasing rate as production increases.
This is because of the economies of scale that come with larger production runs, such as bulk purchasing discounts and lower unit costs for labor and overhead expenses. However, the power law also suggests that there may be a limit to the cost reductions that can be achieved through increased production, at which point the cost savings will taper off and eventually reach an asymptote. This implies that there is a limit to the scale of production that can be economically efficient for a given firm. Correct answer is option (B).
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A nuclear weapon with the explosive power of 10 kilotons of TNT will have a fallout radius of up to 6 miles. This is an example of a (Click to select statement (Click to select) normative positive
This is an example of a positive statement, as it describes a factual relationship between the explosive power of a nuclear weapon and its fallout radius. It does not express any value judgments or opinions about whether such weapons should or should not be used.
A normative statement expresses a value judgment about what ought to be, rather than describing what actually is. Normative statements are subjective and are based on personal beliefs, opinions, or values. For example, "People should not be allowed to own guns" is a normative statement because it expresses a subjective value judgment about what should be allowed in society.
A positive statement, on the other hand, describes what actually is or what can be tested and verified through empirical evidence. Positive statements are objective and based on factual information. For example, "The average global temperature is increasing" is a positive statement because it describes an observable phenomenon that can be measured and verified through data.
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Comparing credit and debit cards. Samuel Ramirez is trying to decide whether to apply for a credit card or a debit card. He has $8,500 in a savings account at the bank and spends his money frugally. What advice would you have for Samuel? Describe the benefits and drawbacks of each type of card.
Samuel should consider a debit card due to his frugal spending and existing savings.
Debit cards offer better control over spending, while credit cards may lead to potential debt and interest charges. Both options have their benefits and drawbacks.
Debit cards allow Samuel to spend only the money he has in his bank account, providing better control over his finances. This helps avoid overspending and accumulating debt. Additionally, debit cards often come with fewer fees compared to credit cards.
However, credit cards can offer benefits such as reward programs, purchase protection, and building credit history. They can also provide short-term borrowing options in case of emergencies. Drawbacks include the potential for accumulating debt and paying interest if the balance is not paid in full each month.
In conclusion, since Samuel is frugal and has a sizeable savings account, a debit card might be the better choice for him to manage his finances effectively without the risk of overspending and incurring interest charges.
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