A population of 1,000 healthy, at risk people is monitored for one year starting on January 1st, and the development of cases of chicken pox is noted. No one has chicken pox at the start of the investigation. Twenty people develop chicken pox on June 30th and forty people develop chicken pox on September 30th. Twenty-four people were lost to follow-up on March 31st, and twenty-four people were lost to follow-up on November 30th. None of those lost to follow-up had developed chicken pox prior to becoming lost. Assume that you can get chicken pox only once.

Required:
What is the cumulative incidence of chicken pox in this population during the one-year period from January 1st through December 31st?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

[tex]\mathbf{cummulative \ incidence = \dfrac{60}{1000}}[/tex]

Explanation:

We recognize that total occurrence equals new cases of disease over time divided by the number of people at risk at the onset.

Mathematically:

[tex]\mathbf{cummulative \ incidence = \dfrac{New \ cases \ of \ disease \ occurrence}{Number \ of \ population \ at \ risk \ at \ onset}}[/tex]

Given that:

Number of the population at risk = 1000 individuals

New cases during Jan 1 - Dec 31 = 60 because;

At 20 occurred on June 30 & 40 on Sept. 30) & no new cases were identified after that:

[tex]\mathbf{cummulative \ incidence = \dfrac{60}{1000}}[/tex]


Related Questions

List seven features that you can use to identify the depositional environment in which sedimentary rocks
formed

Answers

Answer:

Sedimentary rocks are types of rock that are formed by the accumulation or deposition of mineral or organic particles at the Earth's surface, followed by cementation

The seven features that we can use to identify the depositional environment in which sedimentary rocks are formed are stratification, cross-beds, graded bedding, ripple marks, mud cracks, fossils, and concretions.

What are sedimentary rocks?

Sedimentary rocks are created by the materials being deposited at the Earth's surface and then being cemented at their positions by water bodies.

There are four ways that these rocks are created:

Deposition of the other rocksAccumulation of the sedimentsDeposition of the results of biogenic activityPrecipitation from solution.

Examples of sedimentary rocks are:

LimestoneShale ChalkSandstoneClay

They are used to making cement, glass, building stones and act as energy sources.

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Scientific study of the population cycles of the snowshoe hare and its predator, the lynx, has revealed that ________. Question 9 options: A) predation is the dominant factor affecting prey population cycling B) hares and lynx are so mutually dependent that each species cannot survive without the other C) the hare population is r-selected and the lynx population is K-selected D) both hare and lynx population sizes are affected mainly by abiotic factors

Answers

Answer:

A) predation is the dominant factor affecting prey population cycling

Explanation:

Predation is a type of interaction between species where one species called ‘predator’ uses another species, the ‘prey’, as a source of food. Within an ecosystem, the number of predators and prey may vary over time in cycles of time (in these cases, the population cycles of both species are closely linked). In consequence, predation is a density-dependent factor. In the case of the snowshoe hare and its predator, the lynx, when the number of predators is too high, the number of prey drastically decreases. Subsequently, this leads to the decrease of predators that leave their home range (they don’t have enough food to survive), thereby the snowshoe hare population increases again until the peak of the population cycle (carrying capacity), and so successively.

what organisms create energy for other organisms to consume

Answers

Answer:

Autotrophs

Explanation:

Autotrophs are organisms that use energy directly from the sun or from chemical bonds. Commonly called producers, they use the energy and simple inorganic compounds to produce organic molecules. Autotrophs are vital to all ecosystems because all organisms need organic molecules and only autotrophs can produce them from inorganic compounds. There are two basic types of autotrophs: photoautotrophs and chemoautotrophs.

Photoautotrophs

Photoautotrophs are autotrophs that use energy from sunlight to make organic compounds by photosynthesis. Photoautotrophs include plants, algae, and many bacteria, as shown in the figure below. They are the primary producers in the vast majority of ecosystems on Earth.

Chemoautotrophs

Chemoautotrophs use energy from chemical bonds to make organic compounds by chemosynthesis. Chemoautotrophs include certain bacteria and archaeans. They are the primary producers in ecosystems that form around hydrothermal vents and in hot springs.

Answer:

Autotrophs

Explanation:

Autotrophs are the only type of organism that produce energy for other organism.

However, there are different types of autotrophs that do 2 different things to produce their food.

First off, autotrophs are made up of fungi, algae, bacteria, and more commonly, plants.

They produce their own food two different ways,

The first way, and most commonly known, is photosythesis.

This is where a mix of carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight undergo 2 complex proccess to make glucose.

This is the energy that consumers, known as heterotrophs take from the autotrophs.

The second and less commonly known way of producing food is chemosythesis.

In chemosytrhesis, carbon dioxide or methane which is transformed into nutrients through the oxidization of things such as hydrogen gas and hydrogen sulfure, whihc are mainly found deep in the ocean in hydrothermal vents.

So, to answer your question:

Autrophs produce their own energy

Or more specific:

Plants, fungi, bacteria, and algae produce their own energy.

Hope this helps! :)

Please Help need this soon.

A paternity suit involves a child whose blood type is AB. The mother is blood type B, the alleged father is O. Make a ruling on this case as to whether it is reasonably possible this is the biological father.

Answers

Well yea it is possible. I’ll give you an example:
My mom is O positive and my dad is A positive. And I’m O negative. So it is possible that the person is the biological father of the child

A template strand of DNA in a gene reads:
TCT CCA AGC 5
Using the codon chart below, what is the sequence of amino acids that is produced after translation?

(Choice A
Ser - Gly - Gly

(Choice B)
B
Ser - Gly - Leu

(Choice C)
C
Arg - Ser - Gly

(Choice D)
D
Arg - Gly- Ser

Answers

Answer:

(Choice D)

Arg - Gly - Ser

How are roots of plants modified?Describe in brief​

Answers

Answer:

in some plants, the roots change their shape and get modified at absorb and transport water and minerals from soil to different parts of the plant. they are also modified for support, food storage and respiration. the roots modifications perform two major functions- physiological and mechanical

what is the difference between sex chromosomes found in humna females and human males?

Answers

Answer:

Females have XX sex chromosomes while males have XY sex chromosomes.

Natata Townsend
1. Which of the following nutrient is responsible for repairing of cells?
O (a) calcium
O (e) fats
O (b) protein
0 (d) carbohydrates​

Answers

Answer:

B

Explanation:

the nutrient that is required for repairing cells is protein

Select any true statements regarding conifers and forests. Check All That Apply Most conifer seeds can survive subzero temperatures but will be destroyed by very high temperatures. Most conifer seeds can survive subzero temperatures but will be destroyed by very high temperatures. Reforestation of a conifer forest after a wildfire can take many decades because new conifer seeds have to be brought from other areas by animals or wind.Reforestation of a conifer forest after a wildfire can take many decades because new conifer seeds have to be brought from other areas by animals or wind. Three years after a wildfire, a conifer forest will have many seedlings of the same age. Three years after a wildfire, a conifer forest will have many seedlings of the same age. Some species of conifer require fire before fertilization of their seeds can take place. Some species of conifer require fire before fertilization of their seeds can take place.

Answers

Answer:

The following are true statements regarding to conifers and forests:

O.  Most conifer seeds can survive subzero temperatures but will be destroyed by very high temperatures.

O.  Reforestation of a conifer forest after a wildfire can take many decades because new conifer seeds have to be brought from other areas by animals or wind.

O.  Some species of conifer require fire before fertilization of their seeds can take place.

Explanation:

The true statements regarding conifers and forests include the following:

Most conifer seeds can survive subzero temperatures but will be destroyed by very high temperatures- Most conifers when exposed to heat become destroyed as their viability becomes greatly reduced but can survive very low temperatures as it doesn't affect their viability.

Reforestation of a conifer forest after a wildfire can take many decades because new conifer seeds have to be brought from other areas by animals or wind- This is true as most conifers method of dispersal are through wind, animals, water etc.

Some species of conifer require fire before fertilization of their seeds can take place-  Species such as Lodgepole pine and Banksia require fire for fertilization as their cones or fruits that are completely sealed with resin.

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which type of bond forms between water molecules

Answers

Answer:

hydrogen bonds

Explanation:

Hydrogen bonds form between neighboring hydrogen and oxygen atoms of adjacent water molecules.Attraction between individual water molecules creates a bond known as a hydrogen bond.

Answer:

hydrogen bonds.

Explanation:

In the case of water, hydrogen bonds form between neighboring hydrogen and oxygen atoms of adjacent water molecules. The attraction between individual water molecules creates a bond known as a hydrogen bond.

The scientific measure of disorder is called _____.
Need help please

Answers

Answer:

Entropy

Explanation:

Answer:

The answer is entropy, hope this helps!

What bacteria structures can make bacteria RESISTANT TO ANTIBIOTICS. CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY.
Flagella
Cell wall
Outer membrane
Endospore
Plasmid
Capsule

Answers

Cell Wall

Explanation:

About 63% of the bacteria tested were Gram-negative, which means that they have a cell wall that is more resistant to certain classes of antibiotics than the cell walls of Gram-positive bacteria.

hich term represents animals with backbones?

invertebrates
heterotrophs
autotrophs
vertebrates

Answers

Answer:

Vertebrates represents animals with backbones.

Answer:

D. Vertebrates

Explanation:

Which formula do you use to calculate acceleration?

Answers

Answer:

a = Δv/Δt.

Explanation:

(Acceleration is represented by a)

Acceleration is defined as the change in velocity (v) over the change in time (t).

The buoyant force acts in all directions.


Please select the best answer from the choices provided

T
F

Answers

the first option is correct (true).

the greater the surface area of an object the greater the buoyant force.

Answer:

This is false so option 2 (F)

Explanation:

On edge 2021 it even says false.

write a letter to your friend telling her how you are coping in your new senior school​

Answers

Answer:

Dear Seb,

                     Thank you for your letter, it means a lot to me seeing as though i'm still transitioning into my new school and finding friends. I miss you and all of our friends back home. it's funny, even though i have been gone for months I still refer to California as home rather than New York. It's senior year, the closing chapter of my childhood and I feel as though I have started all over again. I try to remain optimistic, but I feel like my entire life was disturbed since I moved away. I have been trying to get myself involved as much as possible for a new senior class student. An idle mind is not complacent and I find myself in a rut whenever I am not doing anything. Keeping myself busy has distracted me from my constant stress, and anxiety when I think about how far I am from everything I know and love. My current motivator is the chance that I could get accepted into a UC school and go back home. I miss you.

                                                     Love always,

                                                                             Jasmine

Explanation:

3.Some plants have structures or features that protect them from harm.

If a plant has bitter-tasting leaves, what would this most likely protect the plant against?Lector inmersivo
(1 Punto)

caterpillars that would eat the plant

cold weather that would cause the plant to freeze

people who would pick the plant for its pretty flowers

hot weather that would cause the leaves to dry up

Answers

Answer:

Caterpillars that would eat the plant

Explanation:

Losing baby teeth is an example of the
dimension of development.
A. moral
B. psychosocial
C. cognitive
D. physical

Answers

Losing baby teeth is an example of the physical dimension of development. So, it's D.

What do you mean by Physical development?

Physical development may be defined as the transition of the character or traits of humans between birth and adolescence.

Any transition of value may be considered under moral development. Psychosocial development involves the ability to understand the perspective of others on the basis of own knowledge and desires.

Cognitive development involves the adjustment of your characters with infants that including rhymes, stories, singing, etc.

Therefore, the correct option for this question is D.

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calculate the quantity of electrical energy used by an electrical bulb rated 60 Walt's used for 2hours​

Answers

Answer:

0.12KWH

Explanation:

Time: 2hrs

Power: 60watt

60/1000

Formula: Energy=potential/time

0.06×2= 0.12KWH

The pressure you exert on the floor decreases when you stand on your toes because the area on which you exert force decreases.


Please select the best answer from the choices provided

T
F

Answers

False..

Your exert weight should be the same

give two advantage of ploughing the field ​

Answers

Advantages of ploughing the soil are: - Tilling of soil helps in loosening and turning off the soil, the nutrient-rich soil is distributed evenly and also it improves aeration. ... - Improvement in the microbiome of the soil. - Roots can easily penetrate the soil and provide a stronger foothold for the plant.

Arrange these statements in the right order to describe process of inhalation.


___Air is drawn into the lungs

___Air pressure in the chest cavity decreases

___Lungs expand

___The diaphragm contracts and flattens

___The muscles between the ribs contract to move the ribs up and out

Answers

Answer:

1,5,2,3,4

Explanation:

I'm not sure about this, so take this answer with a grain of salt. I think you would fill in the blanks like this: 1,5,2,3,4.

n
Sedimentary rocks are only formed when sediments are compacted together by extreme pressure.
BER
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
OT
OF

Answers

Answer:

the correct option is the first option.

First? Have a nice day

define SELECTIVE BREEDING in your own words

Answers

Answer:

Selective breeding is when humans use animal breeding and plant breeding to create phenotypic characteristics by picking which animal or plant genders will reproduce together.

Explanation:

hope this helped!

Why should we not pollute the earth

Answers

Answer: Reducing pollutants in the air is important for human health and the environment. Poor air quality has harmful effects on human health, particularly the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Pollutants can also damage plants and buildings, and smoke or haze can reduce visibility.

One reason why we should stop pollution is that pollution is destroying the environment we live in. Power stations produce nearly 10 billion tons of carbon dioxide per year. Carbon dioxide is a big contribution for pollution. This shows that the water, pollution, air pollution and ground pollution are common.

What observations can be made based on this graph??
Fertility Rates among Industrialized and Developing countries
800
Industrialized countries
Developing countries
700
600
500
400
Number of Births (Millions)
300
200
100
0
-100
1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s 2020s 2030s 2040s
Time (Decades)

Answers

Answer:

The crude birthrate is higher in develpoing countries than in industrilized

countries.

Explanation:

Just took the quiz. Hope you do well!!

The crude birthrate is higher in develpoing countries than in industrilized countries.

What do you mean by industralization?

Industrialization is the development of modem forms of industry – factories, machines and large-scale production processes.

It is observed that birth rate and fertility rate in industrial area has sharp fall down as shown in graph.

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In terms of plant life, this biome is extremely high in diversity, but there are very few animals that live here.

tru or false?

Answers

Answer:

Tundra

Explanation:

i belive its tundra babe

True. The statement "In terms of plant life, this biome is extremely high in diversity, but there are very few animals that live here" accurately describes a tropical rainforest biome.

What is tropical rainforest biome?

Tropical rainforest biome is known for its high level of plant biodiversity and relatively low number of animal species compared to other biomes. Tropical rainforests are home to a wide variety of plant species, including trees, shrubs, and epiphytes, but the dense vegetation and high rainfall make it difficult for many animal species to establish themselves.

However, the few species that are able to survive in the rainforest typically have specialized adaptations that allow them to thrive in this unique environment.

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What are some potentially linked genes you think humans might have?

Answers

Answer:

The potentially linked genes are the x or the y chromosomes.

Explanation:

And some of the more familiar sex linked traits are hemophilia, red-green blindness, and congenital night blindness.

What is the function of both the immune system and the endocrine system?

Answers

Answer:

The immune system is a host defence system that combines multiple mechanisms to protect an organism from several pathogens and the development of disease. The endocrine and immune system crosstalk and multiple immune processes are involved in endocrine diseases. Defects of immune tolerance associated with genetic and environmental factors result to the development of autoimmune diseases such as autoimmune thyroiditis and diabetes mellitus type 1. In addition, a mixture of immune cells and mediators is considered to be implicated in thyroid cancer development and progression. Multiple cytokines and the evolving inflammatory process are involved in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus type 2 whereas immune mechanisms related to lymphocytes and cytokine circuits may play a role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Several studies have recently been published regarding the therapeutic implications of immune system mechanisms on endocrine diseases. For complete coverage of all related areas

Which of the following is not produced by cellular respiration?
Options:
water
carbon dioxide
ATP energy
oxygen

Answers

Answer:

The one above is not the right answer, oxygen is the correct answer

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