BIOLOGY HELPS PLEASE

Answer:

3. Metaphase

Explanation:

Metaphase is the stage in the cell cycle where the chromosomes line up in a line down the middle of the cell (some people call it the metaphase plate).

The way I like to remember it is: Metaphase is in the Middle.

I hope this helps! :D

Answer:

I'm sorry hindi ko po alam

Answer:

The primary sources of energy in the environment include fuels like coal, oil, natural gas, uranium, and biomass. All primary source fuels except biomass are non- renewable. Primary sources also include renewable sources such as sunlight, wind, moving water, and geothermal energy. Energy is the capacity of a physical system to perform work. Energy exists in several forms such as heat , kinetic or mechanical energy, light, potential energy , electrical, or other forms. Energy is the ability to do work. Energy sources could be classified as Renewable and Non-renewable. There are five major renewable energy sources

Solar energy from the sun.

Geothermal energy from heat inside the earth.

Wind energy.

Biomass from plants.

Hydropower from flowing water.

Different Sources of Energy

Soar Energy. The primary source of energy is the sun.  

Wind Energy. Wind power is becoming more and more common

Geothermal Energy. Source: Canva

Hydrogen Energy

Tidal Energy

Wave Energy  

Hydroelectric Energy  

Biomass Energy

Hope this helps Have a good day

This question is incomplete because the images a section 2 are not given. I searched for the complete question but could not find it. However, based on my knowledge and the characteristics of the tundra this is the answer.

The correct answer is C. The climate is harsh, which limits the number of species that can live there.

Explanation

The tundra is the name of an ecosystem that occupies a fifth of the earth's surface, mainly in the northern hemisphere, this is characterized by having a frozen subsoil that limits the emergence and growth of natural vegetation and trees. This ecosystem is the coldest on the planet due to its location near the poles, its landscape is characterized by a layer of snow that covers most of the ground. In addition, the climatic conditions are extreme, which limits the number of plant and animal species that can live there. According to the above, the correct answer is C. The climate is harsh, which limits the number of species that can live there.

Answer:

The correct answer is - D. continuous replication.

Explanation:

Okazaki fragments are short DNA sequences synthesized in the lagging strand as DNA polymerase enzyme is able to synthesize only from 5' to 3' so nucleotide can not bind on 5' end but only 3' end and the DNA strands are antiparallel.

They are short fragments of DNA synthesized from RNA primers on the lagging strand and combined by the ligase enzyme. Okazaki fragments show a discontinuous manner in the synthesis of DNA.

The correct answer is D. continuous replication as they don't have it.

Okazaki fragments are brief DNA sequences synthesized withinside the lagging strand as DNA polymerase enzyme is capable of synthesizing simplest from 5' to 3^ high SO nucleotide can't bind on 5' cease however simplest 3' cease and the DNA strands are antiparallel.

They are brief fragments of DNA synthesized from RNA primers at the lagging strand and blended via way of means of the ligase enzyme. Okazaki fragments display a discontinuous way withinside the synthesis of DNA.

Okazaki fragments are small sections of DNA that might be fashioned all through the discontinuous synthesis of the lagging strand all through DNA replication. They are essential due to the fact they permit each daughter strand to be synthesized, which is vital for molecular division.

Thus it is clear thsat Okazaki fragments are not associated with continuous replication.

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Answer:

The property of "cohesion forces" of the water makes them responsible for the capillary action in the plants.

Explanation:

Water molecules in the soil get pulled into the plant through roots and travel over the vessels and tubes in the stem to various parts of the plant. Leave surface have small pores, named as stomata or guard cells that will help in transpiration or evaporation. This process of transpiration will help the ground water to travel opposite to the gravity and travel all parts of the plant body carrying minerals and essential food particles.

Answer:

Disasters can affect children through many interrelated pathways. First, they cause direct physical harm. A disaster can damage schools and health-care facilities, thus interrupting education and reducing the availability of medical care.

here's your answer..

Answer:

Complementation.

Explanation:

Genetics can be defined as the scientific study of hereditary in living organisms such as humans, animals and plants.

A trait refers to the specific features or characteristics possessed by a living organism. It is essentially transferred from the parent of a living organism to her offspring and as such distinguishes him or her. Some examples of traits in genetics are colorblindness, handedness, curly hair, height, complexion, weight, hair color, dimples, tongue-roll, etc.

Artificial selection is also known as selective breeding and it is a process that involves humans (breeders) selecting the animal or plant with desirable traits in order to reproduce favorable offspring having phenotypic traits.

Complementation can be defined as a relationship between two strains of a living organism both having distinct homo-zygous recessive mutations and results in the expression of a wild-type phenotype when crossed or mated.

In this scenario, there are two different varieties of a snapdragon flower having golden leaves rather than green leaves. Thus, crossing two different varieties of golden snapdragons would produce offsprings that have green leaves.

Hence, the above breeding is an example of complementation.

Answer:

The single guide RNA forms hydrogen bonds with DNA, while Cas9 hydrolyzes phosphodiester bonds

Explanation:

The base pairing between nucleic acid strands (either DNA or RNA) is through hydrogen bonds between nucleotide bases. In DNA, Adenine always forms two hydrogen bonds with Thymine, while Guanine always forms three hydrogen bonds only with Cytosine. Moreover, adjacent nucleotides in the same strand are covalently linked by phosphodiester bonds (i.e., covalent bonds between the 5' phosphate group of one nucleotide and the 3'-OH group of another). The CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing systems make use of single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) that interact with DNA through hydrogen bonds. These sgRNAs have perfect complementarity to the target DNAs in order to bind them. On the other hand, Cas9 is an enzyme that hydrolyzes phosphodiester bonds in both DNA strands very precisely and accurately by using a sgRNA complementary to a specific DNA sequence.

Answer:

Yes, it is vivid that the random variable has a binomial distribution

Explanation:

From the given information:

The probability of the plant with red flowers(p success) = 0.75

the sample size n = 100

Thus, the mean μ = np

= 100 ×0.75

= 75

The standard deviation can be calculated by using the formula:

[tex]SD = \sqrt{np(1-p)}[/tex]

[tex]SD = \sqrt{100 \times 0.75(1-0.75)}[/tex]

[tex]SD = \sqrt{100 \times 0.75(0.25)}[/tex]

[tex]SD = \sqrt{18.75}[/tex]

SD = 4.33

Answer:

The keratin-producing cells known as keratinocytes are the primary type of cells found in the epidermis. They originate from the stratum basale's stem cells. They act as a barrier from harmful environmental elements like pathogens and ultraviolet radiation. Dermatophytes are a group of physiologically and morphologically associated molds, which release an enzyme keratinase.

Keratinases are the serine proteases that destroy the keratin found in skin, nails, and hair.

The dermatophytes lead to infections of the hair, skin, and nails, as they obtain nutrients from the keratinized substances. These pathogenic fungi are most actively found in the external cornified layers of the cells of dead skin were they less likely to get determined and eliminated by the active dendritic cells.

Answer:

Due to number of amino acids.

Explanation:

The main differences might be expected in the amino acid composition of X versus Y because the X polypeptide is made up of one smaller unit of amino acid while on the other hand, Y polypeptide is made up of four smaller units of amino acids. The  name of X is monomer which means composed of one amino acids while Y exists as a tetramer which means it has four amino acids. So we can conclude that the main difference between X and Y is the presence of  number of amino acids.

Amino acids are organic compounds that are formed of amino, carboxylic and a side group. They bond to form protein structures.

The amino acids fold in various structures like primary, secondary, tertiary etc. The basic contrast in an amino acid arrangement of polypeptide X and Y is that the X is made of small units while Y is made of larger units.

X polypeptide is a monomer that is it only has one unit of amino acid while Y is a tetramer that is it has four-unit of amino acids.

Therefore, the number of amino acids is the main distinction between X and Y tertiary structures.

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Answer:

Within the mitochondria, the import takes place post-translationally. The imported protein must be in an unfolded condition so that it can go through the mitochondria's import machinery. In the existence of methotrexate, the bound DHFR moiety remains in the folded state, and thus, stays on the surface of mitochondria.

It is witnessed that the presequence must be of the length of 55 amino acids to cover both the membranes of mitochondria and must be of about sixty amino acids length to associate with the mhsp70. If the presequence of this methotrexate bound DHFR is of seventy-five amino acids in length, it can associate with mhsp70 within the matrix, to initiate the ATP reliant import within the mitochondria. Due to the presence of various endocytic and intracellular sorting signals, multiple adaptors are essential.

Answer:

Calcium is an essential ion as it required in the contraction of both cardiac and skeletal muscles. The sarcoplasmic reticulum stores these ions that are pumped by calcium pumps and released when contraction and functioning of these muscles. It binds to troponin and altered the change of shape and prevents tropomyosin from the site of the binding.

In case of cardiac muscle, the coupling Ca2+ is from its contact with extracellular concentration of Ca2+. When the calcium is released in the skeletal muscle it leads to the interaction between the actin and myosin. The binding sites of the myosin is exposed that bind and forms cross bridges with actin and hence helps in the contraction of the muscle. With the calcium induced calcium release, it helps in the contraction of the cardiac muscle. As the calcium is released it leads to initiation of the smooth muscle contraction in the cardiac muscle through binding of calmodulin and leads to activation of the myosin light chain kinase enzyme. There are receptors for the Calcium induced calcium release within the cardiac cells called as cardiomyocyte that binds to the calcium during depolarization and hence releases more calcium ions within the cells.

Answer:

Explanation:

Reproduction may be asexual when one individual produces genetically identical offspring, or sexual when the genetic material from two individuals is combined to produce genetically diverse offspring. Asexual reproduction occurs through fission, budding, and fragmentation.

Answer:

your but

Explanation:

hahahahaha

Answer:

This question lacks options, the options are:

A. All 270 tall plants were heterozygous

B. All 270 tall plants were homzygous.

C. Only 90 plants were homzygous.

D. All dwarf plants were homzygous.

The answer is D.

Explanation:

This question involves a single gene coding for height in pea plants. The allele for tallness (T) is dominant over that of dwarfness (t). This means that a dwarf plant can only be homzygous recessive (tt) while a tall plant can either be homzygous (TT) or heterozygous (Tt).

According to the question, two tall heterozygous pea plants were crossed i.e. Tt × Tt. Based on this cross, a phenotypic ratio of 3:1 is expected, which is in accordance with the 270 tall plants and 90 dwarf plants (360 total) that was obtained in the cross. Since dwarfism in pea plants is a recessive trait, this means that all the dwarf plants produced in this cross (90) were homzygous (tt).

The expected genotype resulting from the cross was that all dwarf plants were purebreed.

So, according to the given information, there is a cross between Tt × Tt.  A phenotypic ratio of 3:1 is desired, which is in accord with the 270 tall plants and 90 dwarf plants (360 total) that were got in the cross.

Since dwarfism in pea plants is a different feature, this means that all the dwarf plants produced in this cross (90) were (tt).

What are the 3 principles of Mendelian genetics?

The fundamental principles of Mendelian inheritance by Mendel's three laws:

Thus,  the cross was that all dwarf plants were purebreed.

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Complete question

Dr. Nachman and his colleagues collected rock pocket mice across 35 kilometers of the Arizona Sonoran Desert, which included both dark, rocky lava outcrops and light, rocky, granite areas. They recorded substrate color, and coat-color frequencies for each location. Each site was separated from any of the others by at least eight kilometers. The researchers trapped a total of 275 mice. Their data are summarized below (numbers have been slightly modified for the purposes of this worksheet).

Field Data Summary

Collecting Site Substrate Color Number of Mice Phenotype Light Dark

1 Dark 22 3 19

2 Light 80 74 6

3 Light 22 19 3

4 Dark 28 3 25

5 Light 58 25 33

6 Dark 65 9 56

1. Calculate the overall frequencies of light-colored mice and dark-colored mice caught on light-colored substrates. [to 3 decimal places]

2. Calculate the overall frequencies of light-colored mice and dark-colored mice caught on dark-colored substrates. (to 3 decimal places)

3. Using the Hardy-Weinberg equation and data from the table above, determine the frequency of the three genotypes on the light, rocky, granite substrate. For genotype frequencies use three decimal places and for calculations using the allele frequencies, you must round the allele frequencies to two decimal places.

4. Using the Hardy-Weinberg equation and data from the table above, determine the frequency of the three genotypes on the dark, rocky lava substrate. (to 3 decimals). For genotype frequencies use three decimal places and for calculations using the allele frequencies, you must round the allele frequencies to two decimal places.

5. Which fur color seems to have the greatest overall selective advantage? Use data collected from both dark-colored and light- colored substrates to support your answer.

6.What environmental change gave a selective advantage for one coat color over another?

7. In a separate study, 76 rock pocket mice were collected from four different, widely separated areas of dark lava rock. One collecting site was in Arizona. The other three were in New Mexico. Dr. Nachman and colleagues observed no significant differences in the color of the rocks in the four locations sampled. However, the dark-colored mice from the three New Mexico locations were slightly darker than the dark-colored mice from the Arizona population. The entire Mc1r gene was sequenced in all 76 of the mice collected. The mutations responsible for the dark fur color in the Arizona mice were absent from the three different populations of New Mexico mice. No Mc1r mutations were associated with dark fur color in the New Mexico populations. These findings suggest that adaptive dark coloration has occurred at least twice in the rock pocket mouse and that these similar phenotypic changes have different genetic bases. How does this study support the concept that natural selection is not random?

8. To determine if the rock pocket mouse population is evolving, explain why it is necessary to collect fur color frequency data over a period of many years.

Answer:

1)

2)

3)

4)

5) The dark-colored fur seems to have the greatest overall selective advantage

6) Dark lava changed the color of the substrate, from light to dark.

7) Because to produce dark color, animals from the different regions suffered different mutations that drove them to have almost the same dark fur color.

8) To see if the mice population is evolving. If it is, there will be a change in the allelic and genotypic frequencies over the years. If it is not evolving, the frequencies will keep equal through the years.

Explanation:

Due to technical problems, you will find the complete explanation in the attached files                  

Answer:

CCATGATCGGTATAGC

Explanation:

A pairs with T

C pairs with G

Answer:

Movement of the lithospheric plate

The movement of lithospheric plates is known as the plate tectonics, this was a theory before but now it is widely accepted as true and actually happening around the planet.

These movements in the lithospheric plates of the planet, is the reason why the planet looks like what it is today. The continents, countries and all land formations and underwater features are products of plate tectonics.

#CarryOnLearning

Answer:

Explanation:

Movement of the lithospheric plate is a major topic in the theory of plate tectonics. the motions of two plates against each other can cause subduction of plates, volcanoes to form and earthquakes to happen.

d. heat energy

Explanation:

the rest minerals are all not lost , i guess

Answer:

1, 2, the last one

Answer:

A. nucleus

Explanation:

The nucleus is particularly among the eukaryotic organelles because it is the location of the cell DNA two other critical organelles are mithochondrua and chloroplast ,which play important role in energy conversation and are through to their evolutionary origin as simple single called organism

Answer:

Change occur in the genetic makeup.

Explanation:

Brian means that the change occur in the genetic makeup of the mitochondrial DNA that change the structure as well as the function ability of mitochondria which is responsible for the generation of energy for the cell. The mitochondrial DNA are passed from mother to offspring through the egg cell. He signify mitochondrial DNA because the change occur only in the mitochondrial DNA not in the whole organism's DNA.

Brian indicates that the mutation is in a gene found in mitochondrial DNA. What Brian means by this is that mitochondria contain a single circular chromosome that encodes 13 proteins, and that may be due to abnormalities of mitochondrial DNA, to understand better we need.......

Each cell has several hundred mitochondria in its cytoplasm. Mitochondria contain a single circular chromosome that encodes 13 proteins, several ribonucleic acids (RNA, ribonucleic acid) and several regulatory enzymes. However, > 90% of mitochondrial proteins are encoded by nuclear genes. For practical purposes, it is assumed that all mitochondria are inherited from the cytoplasm of the egg, so mitochondrial DNA comes only from the mother.

Mitochondrial diseases can result from abnormalities of mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA (eg, deletions, duplications, mutations). Tissues with high energy production (eg, muscle, heart, and brain) are at particular risk of dysfunction due to mitochondrial abnormalities. Specific abnormalities in mitochondrial DNA result in characteristic manifestations. Mitochondrial diseases are equally common in men and women.

With this information, we can say that mitochondria have DNA and can undergo mutations, which can cause abnormalities in this DNA.

Learn more about Mitochondria in https://brainly.com/question/10688306

Answer:

1.806 × 10²⁴ molecules

Explanation:

From the chemical compound given in this question, there are 3 moles of Hg(SO)4.

To calculate the number of molecules in 3 moles of Hg(SO)4, we multiply the number of moles by Avagadro number (6.02 × 10²³)

number of molecules = 3 × 6.02 × 10²³

= 18.06 × 10²³

= 1.806 × 10²⁴ molecules