[tex]\huge\purple{Hi!}[/tex]
An atom is a complex arrangement of negatively charged electrons arranged in defined shells about a positively charged nucleus. This nucleus contains most of the atom's mass and is composed of protons and neutrons (except for common hydrogen which has only one proton). All atoms are roughly the same size. A convenient unit of length for measuring atomic sizes is the angstrom (Å), which is defined as 1 x 10-10 meters. The diameter of an atom is approximately 2-3 Å.
In 1897, J. J. Thomson discovered the existence of the electron, marking the beginning of modern atomic physics. The negatively charged electrons follow a random pattern within defined energy shells around the nucleus. Most properties of atoms are based on the number and arrangement of their electrons. The mass of an electron is 9.1 x 10-31 kilograms.
One of the two types of particles found in the nucleus is the proton. The existence of a positively charged particle, a proton, in the nucleus was proved by Sir Ernest Rutherford in 1919. The proton's charge is equal but opposite to the negative charge of the electron. The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom determines what kind of chemical element it is. A proton has a mass of 1.67 x 10-27 kilograms.
The neutron is the other type of particle found in the nucleus. It was discovered by a British physicist, Sir James Chadwick. The neutron carries no electrical charge and has the same mass as the proton. With a lack of electrical charge, the neutron is not repelled by the cloud of electrons or by the nucleus, making it a useful tool for probing the structure of the atom.
Even the individual protons and neutrons have internal structure, called quarks. Six types of quarks exist. These subatomic particles cannot be freed and studied in isolation. Current research continues into the structure of the atom.
A sample of gas occupies 300 mL at 100K. What is its volume when the
temperature is increased to 200K? (P and n= constant)
If the temperature of the sample of gas increases to the given value, the volume also increases to 600mL.
What is Charles's law?
Charles's law states that "the volume occupied by a definite quantity of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature.
It is expressed as;
V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂
Given the data in the question;
Initial temperature of gas T₁ = 100KInitial volume of gas V₁ = 300mLFinal temperature T₂ = 200KFinal volume V₂ = ?V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂
V₂ = V₁T₂ / T₁
V₂ = ( 300mL × 200K ) / 100K
V₂ = 60000mLK / 100K
V₂ = 600mL
Therefore, if the temperature of the sample of gas increases to the given value, the volume also increases to 600mL.
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Why are elements classified?
Select all the correct answers.
What do scientists use to communicate extremely small measurements?
scientific notation
unit prefixes
graduated cylinders
physical models
base units
Scientists use scientific notation to communicate extremely small measurements. Hence, option A is correct.
What scientific notation?Scientific notation is a way of writing very large or very small numbers.
Scientists use scientific notation to represent very small or very large numbers because this notation increases the
accuracy of measured quantities.convenience in using the numbers.the number of significant figures.precision of measurements.Hence, option A is correct.
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The process of seeping of water into the ground in called
Answer: Infiltration
Explanation: it is the process by which surface water, rainwater or snowmelt seeps into the ground
Why is it important to convert into units of kelvin before using the ideal gas law?.
What causes atoms to form covalent bonds?
Answer:
to attain stability atoms form covalent bonds
please help meeeeeeeee
3.
Explanation:
all Chemical mixtures have the same amount of numbers making them all balanced.
(that's the simple way of putting it, but hoped it helped ✌)
Bromine has two naturally occurring isotopes (br-79 and br-81) and has an atomic mass of
79.904 amu. the mass of br-81 is 80.9163 amu, and its natural abundance is 49.310%. what is
the mass of br-79?
Answer: 78.919 amu
Explanation:
If the natural abundance of Br-81 is 49.310%, then the natural abundance of Br-79 must be 100%-49.310%=50.690%
Substituting into the atomic mass formula,
[tex]79.904=(0.49310)(80.9163)+(0.50690)(x)\\79.904=39.89982753+(0.50690)(x)\\40.00417247=(0.50690)(x)\\x=\frac{40.00417247}{0.50690}=\boxed{78.919 \text{ amu}}[/tex]
Toothpaste contains Sodium fluoride which is used to prevent tooth decay. How many grams are in 1 mole NaF?
Answer:
0.24%
Explanation:
A toothpaste contains 0.24% by mass sodium fluoride (NaF) used to prevent dental caries and 0.30% by mass triclosan, C12H7Cl3O2, a preservative and antigingivitis agent. One tube contains 119 g of toothpaste. (6.4, 6.5) Components in toothpaste include triclosan and NaF.a. How many moles of NaF are in the tube of toothpaste?b. How many fluoride ions (F?) are in the tube of toothpaste?c. How many grams of sodium ion (Na+) are in 1.50 g of toothpaste?d. How many molecules of triclosan are in the tube of toothpaste?Solution 124CQStep 1 of 4:Given:Mass of toothpaste = 119 g. Mass percent of sodium fluoride (NaF) = 0.24%Mass percent of triclosan (C12H7Cl3O2) = 0.30%a. Here, we are asked to find the number of moles of NaF in the tube of toothpaste.Mass percent of sodium fluoride (NaF) = 0.24%First, let’s find the mass of NaF in the tube: = 119 g = 0.2856 grams Molar mass of NaF = 41.98 g/mol This means, 1 mol NaF = 41.98 g. So, the mole-mass factor is: and Therefore, number of moles of NaF will be: = 0.2856 g NaF = 0.00680 mol NaFHence, the number of moles of NaF in 119g toothpaste is 0.00680 moles. ________________
According to mole concept, there are 41.988 grams in 1 mole NaF that is sodium fluoride.
What is a mole?Mole is defined as the unit of amount of substance . It is the quantity measure of amount of substance of how many elementary particles are present in a given substance.
It is defined as exactly 6.022×10²³ elementary entities. The elementary entity can be a molecule, atom ion depending on the type of substance. Amount of elementary entities in a mole is called as Avogadro's number.
It is widely used in chemistry as a suitable way for expressing amounts of reactants and products.For the practical purposes, mass of one mole of compound in grams is approximately equal to mass of one molecule of compound measured in Daltons. Molar mass has units of gram per mole . In case of molecules, where molar mass in grams present in one mole of atoms is its atomic mass.
Number of moles is given by the formula, mass/molar mass and hence mass= 1×41.988= 41.988 g.
Thus, there are 41.988 g in 1 mole NaF.
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1. Swimming pool manufacturers recommend maintaining the
pool chlorine concentration at 3.0 ppm. What is the mass of
chlorine in a pool containing 3.4 x 106 L of water? ™
A 3.4 × 10⁶ L swimming pool must have a mass of 1.0 × 10⁷ mg Cl₂ to maintain a concentration of 3.0 ppm.
What is "ppm"?"ppm" of "parts per million" is a unit of concentration equivalent to milligrams of solute per liters of solution.
A pool must maintain a chlorine concentration of 3.0 ppm (3.0 mg/L). The mass of chlorine in 3.4 × 10⁶ L is:
3.0 mg Cl₂/L × 3.4 × 10⁶ L = 1.0 × 10⁷ mg Cl₂
A 3.4 × 10⁶ L swimming pool must have a mass of 1.0 × 10⁷ mg Cl₂ to maintain a concentration of 3.0 ppm.
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Perform the following operation
and express the answer in
scientific notation.
9.80x10-3 + 1.60x10-4
[ ? ]x10
Answer:
11.40x10-7
Explanation:
9.80+1.60x10-3-4
11.40x10-7
How many moles of O2 are formed from 1.252 g of HgO?
Moles of Hg
Given mass/Molar mass1.252/200.590.006mol2 moles produce 1 mol O2
1 mol produces 1/2mol O_2
0.006 mol produces
0.006(0.5)0.003molIf you add sucrose to catalase when testing for reactivity, do you expect to see a reaction?.
There is no reaction when you add catalase to sucrose.
What is sucrose?Sucrose is a disaccharide that consist of glucose and fructose. Both glucose and fructose are hexoses.
Owing to the fact that catalase is specific to sucrose, there is no reaction when you add catalase to sucrose.
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Organic compounds differ from inorganic compounds in that organic compounds generally have.
Answer:
carbon and hydrogen atoms
One atom of lithium, Li, reacts with fluorine, F, to produce lithium fluoride, LiF2. The atomic mass of lithium is 7 amu. The mass of one atom of lithium fluoride is 45 amu. Which statement about the reaction is correct?
Lithium reacts with one atom of fluorine, and the atomic mass of fluorine is 38 amu.
What is atomic mass?The atomic mass of an element is the average mass of the atoms of an element measured in atomic mass unit.
One lithium (Li) atom can combine with one fluorine (F) atom. Together, they make the formula LiF.
Fluorine has seven electrons of it's own. Lithium gives up its one electron to make both atoms happy.
Hence, lithium reacts with one atom of fluorine, and the atomic mass of fluorine is 38 amu.
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if this strand is replicated what is the complementary strand that is produced
Answer:
During DNA replication, each of the two strands that make up the double helix serves as a template from which new strands are copied. The new strand will be complementary to the parental or “old” strand. Each new double strand consists of one parental strand and one new daughter strand.
Explanation:
hope it helps you
At what temperature would 0.46 moles of a gas occupy 13.3 L if the pressure is 734 mm Hg?
Answer: 339.84 K
Explanation:
[tex]$$We are given: \\$\mathrm{n}=0.46$ moles \\$V=13.3 \mathrm{~L}$\\$\mathrm{P}=734 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}=0.965 \mathrm{~atm}$\\Putting these values in ideal gas equation we get:\\$0.965$ batm * $13.3 \mathrm{~L}=0.46 \mathrm{~mol} * 0.0821 \frac{\mathrm{atmL}}{\mathrm{molK}} * \mathrm{~T}$\\$\mathrm{T}=\frac{0.965 * 13.3}{0.46 * 0.0821} \mathrm{~K}$$$\mathrm{T}=339.84 \mathrm{~K}$$[/tex]
calculate the molarity of 65.3 grams of sugar(342.3 g/mol), c12h22011 in 750 ml of solution.
Answer:
0.254 M
Explanation:
If the formula mass of sugar is 342.3 g/mol, and there are 65.3 g, then there are 65.3/342.3=0.190768 mol.
Also, 750 mL = 0.750 L.
molarity = (moles of solute)/(liters of solution)
molarity = 0.190768/0.750 = 0.254 M
Lab: Applications of electromagnetic
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Documents
Student Guide - Electromagnets project
Answer:Not the same class but it will give u 100%
Explanation:
1. This experiment was to find how mass and speed effect KE. This is important because if you were in a situation where you needed something to go higher, you would know to add more or less of mass/speed.
To test mass, we filled the bean bag with a certain amount of water, then dropped it. After, you recorded how high it made the bean bag go. The same with speed, but same amount in the bottle, just dropped from different heights.
My hypothesis is when you have more mass, the KE will be greater. This is also the same with speed, if it is dropped from a higher place, the bean bag will launch farther than the last time.
2. Data I collected from the lab was like my hypothesis explained. When the height of the bottle increased, it made the bean bag go higher than the last. And I tested 4 different masses, 0.125 kg, 0.250kg, 0.375kg and 0.500kg. Each time the bean bag went higher on a larger mass.
A lot of times on the speed test, the bean bag would go higher than the bottle drop point, but not every time. Also, when it was dropped from the same height each time, some results varied quite a bit, like when it was dropped from 1.28 the results were 1.14 then 1.30 1.30. Mass on the other hand was all in the same number range, only once the numbers were a bit off from each other.
3. Some formulas I used were KE= ½ mv^2 and Ht v^2/2g. The first was to calculate the kinetic energy of an object, m=mass v=speed. Second was for finding out what height I needed to drop something to reach a certain speed, Ht=Height and g= Gravitational Acceleration of 9.8 m/s^2.
I used these to figure out tables that showed relationships between different things like mass and KE or speed and height. The whole time I was doing the lab, my data was going up, when there was more mass/speed there were higher values in the table.
This means that my hypothesis at the beginning was correct, more of m/s means KE will increase proportionally because they are all linear. I found it surprising when the bean bag height went over the water bottle drop mark.
4. To conclude, my hypothesis matched my data. The data values went up when more mass or speed was added. This means if I were in a situation where I needed more kinetic energy for something, I would know to increase mass or the speed of the object giving it energy.
The reason that this hypothesis is correct is when you have more mass, you have more energy. So, when you drop let's say a baseball, it isn’t that heavy so it would only launch the bean bag so far. But a bowling ball is very heavy and has lots of energy when falling because of that, it would make the bean bag go very high.
To make this experiment better, I would use a smoother material for the lever so energy wouldn’t be lost by friction from wood rubbing together. Also, maybe a scanner or video camera to more accurately record how far the bean bag went. All of these would help the lab get more precise results, maybe they could be used in a future lab.
why do we not know what was on the far side of the moon until 1960's
Answer:
Like Earth, it gets plenty of sunlight. We don’t see the far side because “the moon is tidally locked to the Earth,” said John Keller, deputy project scientist for NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter project. “The moon does rotate, but it rotates at the same speed that it rotates around the Earth.”
Explanation:
Which reaction occurs at the anode in an electrochemical cell?
A. Zn(s) + Cu²+ (aq)
Zn²+ (aq) + Cu(s)
B. Zn(s) Zn²+ (aq) + 2e
C. Zn²+ (aq) + Cu(s)
→
Zn(s) + Cu²+ (aq)
OD. Zn²+ (aq) + 2e →
→ Zn(s)
SUBMIT
The reaction that occur at the anode of an electrochemical cell is Zn(s) Zn²+ (aq) + 2e. The correct option is B.
What is an electrochemoical cell?An electrochemical cell has two eletcrodes present in an solution. The one electrode is anode where oxidation occurs and second is cathode hwere reduction occurs.
The reaction Zn(s) = Zn²+ (aq) + 2e due to oxidation chrage is added here.
Thus, the correct option is B. Zn(s) = Zn²+ (aq) + 2e.
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What does Fe(NO3)2 + Cu stands for?
what is the specific heat capacity of propan-1-ol
Answer:
11–350°
Explanation:
The total mass of the reactants is equal to the total mass of products. this is known as the conservation of what?
Explanation:
the law of conservation of mass
Answer:
Explanation:
the law of conservation of mass
If you have 3 moles of gas at a pressure of 2.5 atmospheres and a volume of 8 liters, what is the temperature? Pay attention to the unit of pressure used.
A.) 81.27 K
B.) 0.81 K
C.) 57.86 K
D.) 25 K
The temperature of the gas would be 81.2 K
Ideal gas equationThe ideal gas equation is given by:
PV = nRT, where P, V, n, R, and T equals pressure, volume, number of moles, constant, and temperature respectively.
In this case, V = 8L, n = 3 moles, R = 8.317, and P = 2.5 atm or 253.3125 kpa
T = PV/nR = 253.3125 x 8/3 x 8.317 = 2026.5/24.951 = 81.2 K
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If the mass number of an atom is 29, and it has 13 protons and 13 electrons, what is the identity of this atom?
If the mass number of an atom is 29, and it has 13 protons and 13 electrons, the identity of this atom is Aluminum.
What is an atom?An atom is the smallest indivisible particle of an element which still retains its chemical identity.
An atom consists of a nucleus surrounded by electrons. The nucleus is made up of protons and neutrons.
The identity of a chemical element is determined by its electron and proton number, which is the same for a neutral atom.
According to this question, the atom of an element has 13 protons and 13 electron. This suggests that the atom is that of Aluminum.
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Question 11
The modern periodic table is arranged by increasing atomic number of the elements.
O True
O False
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Answer:
Explanation:
Remark
It's true.
That's how the periodic table is designed. Hydrogen is #1 and #116 is the latest entry. It is known as flerovium and livermorium. I'm not sure if that and shouldn't be an or, but that is your answer.
A base is a substance that can __________ a hydroxide ion.
Answer:
An Arrhenius base is a substance that dissociates in water to form hydroxide (OH–) ions. In other words, a base increases the concentration of OH– ions in an aqueous solution.
Identify the balanced chemical equation that represents a single displacement reaction.
CF 4 + 2Br 2 ⟶ CBr 4 + 2F 2
3H 2SO 4 + 2Al ⟶ Al 2(SO 4) 3 + 3H 2
CF 4 + Br 2 ⟶ CBr 4 + F 2
3H 2SO 4 + 2Al ⟶ Al 2(SO 4) 3 + H 2
3H₂SO₄ + 2Al₂(SO₄)₃ → Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂ is the balanced chemical equation that represents a single displacement reaction.
What is a balanced chemical equation?The equation in which the number of atoms of all the molecules is equal on both sides of the equation is known as a balanced chemical equation.
3H₂SO₄ + 2Al₂(SO₄)₃ → Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂
In this type of reaction, one substance is replacing another:
A + BC → AC + B
In a single displacement reaction, atoms replace one another based on the activity series. Elements that are higher in the activity series. Also, if the element that is to replace the other in a compound is more reactive the reaction will occur. If it is less reactive, there will be no reation.
In the first equation, fluorine is more reactive than bromine. Therefore, bromine cannot replace bromine.
In the second equation, the displacement is between hydrogen and aluminium. Hydrogen is lower in the activity series, this implies that aluminium will replace it.
Hence, 3H₂SO₄ + 2Al₂(SO₄)₃ → Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂ is the balanced chemical equation that represents a single displacement reaction.
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What is the molar mass of H₂CO₂?
Answer:
I think the Molar mass of H₂CO₂ should be 62..
Explanation:
I'm not too sure tho... Hope this helps!