The leadership team should also be proactive in identifying and addressing any issues that may arise in the organization.
The organization design features, structure, human resource processes, and leadership that should characterize the Cuyahoga River Valley Organization (CVRO) are described as follows: Structure: CVRO should have a matrix structure that promotes cross-functional coordination among its divisions and provides efficient and effective support to the work of the CVRO. Matrix organizational structure supports this type of coordination and communication among different divisions within an organization and will work best for the CVRO. Human Resource Processes: The HR processes that should characterize CVRO should be strategic in nature and aligned with the mission and vision of the organization. The HR should also ensure that all employees have a clear understanding of their roles and responsibilities within the organization and also are provided with continuous training and development opportunities. Leadership: The CVRO should have a strong leadership team that provides a clear vision, mission, and direction for the organization. The leaders should be transparent in their communication, innovative, and possess a high degree of integrity and ethics. The leadership team should also be proactive in identifying and addressing any issues that may arise in the organization.
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I have an economics assignment in which the country that i choose is United States of America and based on that i have to explain the following considering these points in 500 words minimum.
What kind of fiscal policies did the chosen country follow in 2020? What tools did the government use to impose fiscal policies during 2020? Explain in detail the programs that the government used during 2020 and the implications of the policies for the economic conditions of the time.
What kind of monetary policies did the chosen country follow? What tools did central bank use to impose monetary policies? Explain in detail the programs that the central bank used during 2020 and the implications of the policies for the economic conditions of the time.
Stabilization policies of UNITED STATES OF AMERICA during pandemic :
1.Fiscal policies responses:
2.Monetary policies Responses:
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1. In 2020, the US government's fiscal policies were a combination of expansionary and contractionary. Increased government investment on stimulus programs and tax relief for firms and people were among the expansionary measures implemented. Governme…View the full answer
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In 2020, the US government's fiscal policies were a combination of expansionary and contractionary. Increased government investment on stimulus programs and tax relief for firms and people were among the expansionary measures implemented.
Some of the fiscal programs that the government implemented in 2020 included the CARES Act, The Paycheck Protection Program, The Families First Coronavirus Response Act.
The US central bank, the Federal Reserve, used monetary policies to stabilize the economy during the pandemic.
The monetary policies implemented by the Federal Reserve had a significant impact on the economy, as they helped to boost consumer spending, encourage investment, and reduce the cost of borrowing.
In 2020, the US government's fiscal policies were a combination of expansionary and contractionary. Increased government investment on stimulus programs and tax relief for firms and people were among the expansionary measures implemented. Government transfer payments to households and businesses have also been expanded, and unemployment benefits have been extended. To finance the deficit, the government issued bonds to both national and foreign investors. The Treasury Department used various fiscal tools to finance the deficit, including raising funds from the public through bond sales and increasing the money supply. As a result, inflation and borrowing costs decreased, and liquidity in the financial markets improved.
Some of the fiscal programs that the government implemented in 2020 included the CARES Act, which provided stimulus checks to citizens, increased unemployment benefits, and provided funding to businesses. The Paycheck Protection Program provided small businesses with forgivable loans to keep their employees on the payroll. The Families First Coronavirus Response Act required employers with fewer than 500 employees to provide paid leave to employees affected by the virus.
The US central bank, the Federal Reserve, used monetary policies to stabilize the economy during the pandemic. The Fed's main tools for monetary policies were reducing the Federal Funds rate and increasing the money supply. The Federal Reserve used open market operations, discount rates, and reserve requirements to control the money supply. The central bank reduced the Federal Funds rate to near-zero, which lowered the cost of borrowing and made loans more accessible. To increase liquidity in the financial markets, the Federal Reserve implemented a lending program that allowed banks to borrow money at low-interest rates. The central bank also used quantitative easing, which involves buying securities from banks to increase the money supply and keep interest rates low.
The monetary policies implemented by the Federal Reserve had a significant impact on the economy, as they helped to boost consumer spending, encourage investment, and reduce the cost of borrowing. By keeping interest rates low, the Fed helped businesses access cheap credit, which encouraged investment. The Federal Reserve's lending program helped to ease liquidity in the markets, and the central bank's quantitative easing policies helped to boost asset prices and promote economic growth.
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Suppose that a person's yearly income is $60,000. Also suppose that this person's money demand function is given by Md = $Y (0.35 - i) a. What is this person's demand for money when the interest rate is 5%? 10%?
The answer is less than the previous answer as the interest rate has increased.
The money demand function of an individual, Md is given by: Md = $Y (0.35 - i)Where, Y is the yearly income of an individual and i is the interest rate. This individual's yearly income is $60,000. So, Y = $60,000When the interest rate is 5%, then i = 0.05Substitute these values in the above equation to get: Md = $60,000(0.35 - 0.05)Md = $60,000(0.30)Md = $18,000Therefore, this person's demand for money when the interest rate is 5% is $18,000.When the interest rate is 10%, then i = 0.10Substitute these values in the above equation to get: Md = $60,000(0.35 - 0.10) Md = $60,000(0.25) Md = $15,000
Therefore, this person's demand for money when the interest rate is 10% is $15,000.Note: When the interest rate increases, people tend to hold less money. This is because they have better alternatives for their money, such as savings accounts, bonds, and other interest-earning assets.
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Δln Mt = 0.0084 +0.7340ΔInGDPt -0.0811 -1 t=(2.0496) (2.0636) (-0.8537) R²=0.1066 d=1.6697 What does this regression tell you? Does this help you decide if regression 1 is spurious or not?
This regression tells us the relationship between Δln Mt (dependent variable) and ΔInGDPt (independent variable).
The coefficient of ΔInGDPt is 0.7340. This implies that a 1% increase in GDP will result in an increase of 0.7340% in Mt. Therefore, ΔInGDPt has a positive effect on Δln Mt. On the other hand, the constant is 0.0084. This means that when ΔInGDPt is equal to zero, then Δln Mt is equal to 0.0084. Therefore, when GDP is not changing, there is still some other factor affecting Mt.
Finally, the coefficient of the time variable (-1t) is -0.0811. This suggests that over time, the value of Mt is decreasing. All of the t-values are greater than 2, indicating that the coefficients are statistically significant at a 5% significance level. R² is 0.1066, meaning that 10.66% of the variance in Δln Mt is explained by ΔInGDPt and time.
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When shareholders do not approve of a proposed merger, they may be able to exercise their rights of a. consolidation. b. preemption. C. refusal. d. appraisal.
When shareholders do not approve of a proposed merger, they may be able to exercise their rights of appraisal. So, the correct option is D) appraisal.
Appraisal rights - Appraisal rights are a shareholder's right to have the fair value of their shares decided by a judicial authority or an appraiser, rather than accepting a price set by the acquirer or controller of the corporation.
The appraisal right is a right that enables shareholders to sue the company's acquirer for fair value of their shares. It is generally designed to protect the interests of minority shareholders, who might be opposed to the acquisition and can block it using their voting rights.
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1 Q3. y = L4K3 and (p = $10, w = $5, r = $5). Find the optimal labor and capital, (L*, K*) to maximize profit.
The optimal labor and capital, (L*, K*) to maximize profit is $3.3116.
The production function y = L4K3 is used to determine the optimal labor and capital for the given set of conditions, (p = $10, w = $5, r = $5), so as to maximize profit. To obtain the optimal labor and capital values, the following steps must be followed:Step 1: Determine the profit function of the production function y = L4K3.
The profit function, P(L, K), is obtained by subtracting the cost function, C(L, K), from the revenue function, R(L, K).R(L, K) = p×y = p×L4K3= $10×L4K3C(L, K) = wL + rKP(L, K) = R(L, K) - C(L, K)= $10×L4K3 - ($5×L + $5×K)= $10L4K3 - $5L - $5KStep 2: Take the partial derivative of the profit function with respect to labor and capital.
The first-order conditions for maximizing profit require that the partial derivatives of the profit function, P(L, K), with respect to labor and capital be equal to zero. Therefore,∂P/∂L = 40L3 - 5 = 0 ⇒ L* = (5/40)1/3 = 0.7654 units of labor∂P/∂K = 30K2 - 5 = 0 ⇒ K* = (5/30)1/2 = 0.6455 units of capital
Step 3: Use the second-order condition to confirm that the critical point (L*, K*) is indeed a maximum or a minimum.
To ensure that the critical point is a maximum, the second-order condition must be satisfied.∂2P/∂L2 = 120L2 > 0 ∴ (L*, K*) is a minimum.
Therefore, the optimal labor and capital, (L*, K*), to maximize profit are L* = 0.7654 units of labor and K* = 0.6455 units of capital.
The maximum profit attainable is:P(L*, K*) = $10×L*4K*3 - ($5×L* + $5×K*)= $10×(0.7654)4(0.6455)3 - ($5×0.7654 + $5×0.6455)= $3.3116
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Discuss the extent of Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) can act as a
monopoly and monopsony firm in the electricity supply industry in
Malaysia.
The largest provider of power in Malaysia is Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB), which also commands a sizeable market share in the sector.
TNB is a monopoly with a strong position in the market that gives it the power to regulate both output and prices. In Peninsular Malaysia, it serves as the sole provider of electricity transmission and distribution services.
This gives TNB a sizable amount of market power, allowing it to control pricing and possibly limit competition. It is important to note that Malaysia has been working to increase competition and liberalise the electrical sector recently, which could reduce TNB's monopolistic position.
TNB is the sole purchaser of energy from Malaysia's independent power producers (IPPs) in terms of monopsony power. With numerous IPPs, it has long-term power purchase agreements that give it considerable control over the purchase of electricity.
As a monopsony, TNB can use its market dominance to bargain advantageous terms with IPPs, possibly resulting in cheaper energy generation costs. On the other hand, the existence of regulatory monitoring and the growing involvement of IPPs may ultimately reduce TNB's monopoly position.
It is important to note that government laws and regulations affect TNB's monopoly and monopsony power. In order to oversee TNB's operations and foster competition in the electrical sector, the Malaysian government is essential.
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The Canadian Government is intending on making a large cash investment in June and July of 2023. As a consequence, the government will have a short-term shortfall of $6.2 million between cash receipts and expenditures.
The government is intending to meet this shortfall by issuing 90-day Treasury Notes today. Calculate the face value of this issue, given a yield of 2.2% per annum.
b. Explain how increased government bond issuance can result in a decrease of corporate bond issuance and lower corporate bond prices.
a) Thus, the face value of the issue would be $6.157 million. b) Therefore, when the government increases its bond issuance, it can lead to a decrease in corporate bond issuance and lower corporate bond prices.
a. The face value of the Treasury Notes issued would be $6.157 million (to the nearest thousand dollars).
The formula for the calculation of the face value of Treasury Notes is:
Face value of the Treasury Notes = Shortfall / (1 + r x n / 365),
where: r = annual yield, n = number of days of the Treasury Note, Shortfall = $6.2 million, and r = 2.2%, n = 90, therefore,
n/365 = 0.2466
Substituting the values in the above formula,
Face value of the Treasury Notes = 6.2 / (1 + 0.022 x 0.2466) = $6.1569 million ≈ $6.157 million.
Thus, the face value of the issue would be $6.157 million.
b. Increased government bond issuance can result in a decrease of corporate bond issuance and lower corporate bond prices because of the inverse relationship between bond prices and bond yields. When the government issues a large number of bonds, it increases the supply of bonds, which can lead to a decrease in the demand for corporate bonds. This decrease in demand, coupled with the increased supply, leads to a decrease in the price of corporate bonds. Also, when the government issues more bonds, it drives up interest rates. Higher interest rates make borrowing more expensive for corporations, which can lead to a decrease in corporate bond issuance.
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Zozan Corp has 47,500 shares of stock outstanding with a par value of $1.00 per share and a market price of $12 a share. The firm just announced a 8-for-7 stock split. What will the new market capitalization be after the split?
To calculate the new market capitalization after the stock split, we need to consider the current market price, the number of shares outstanding, and the stock split ratio.
Calculate the pre-split market capitalization:
Pre-split market capitalization = Current market price * Number of shares outstanding
Pre-split market capitalization = $12 * 47,500 = $570,000
Calculate the new number of shares after the stock split:
New number of shares = Number of shares outstanding * (Split ratio numerator / Split ratio denominator)
New number of shares = 47,500 * (8 / 7) = 54,285.71 (rounded to 54,286 shares)
Calculate the new market capitalization after the stock split:
New market capitalization = Current market price * New number of shares
New market capitalization = $12 * 54,286 = $651,432
Therefore, the new market capitalization after the 8-for-7 stock split would be $651,432.
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You estimate the model yi= β1+β2xi+ui.
You find that β2=2.12 the standard error is se=1.71 You have 27 observation.
β2=2.12
se=1.71
27 observation (n)(27)
Compute the t-value.
Can you reject the Null Hypothesis H0: β2=0 in favor of Ha: β2≠0 at the 1% level?
Can you reject the Null Hypothesis H0: β2=0 in favor of Ha: β2>0 at the 5% level?please give me full and step by step answer with full explanation do not copy from chegg old answer
There is not enough evidence to support the claim that β2 is significantly greater than zero at the 5% level.
To compute the t-value, you can use the formula:
t = (β2 - 0) / se
Given the values:
β2 = 2.12
se = 1.71
n = 27
t = (2.12 - 0) / 1.71
t = 1.24
To test the Null Hypothesis H0: β2 = 0 against the alternative hypothesis Ha: β2 ≠ 0 at the 1% level, you need to compare the t-value to the critical t-value. Since you have 27 observations, the degrees of freedom for the t-distribution would be 27 - 2 = 25.
Looking up the critical t-value in a t-table or using a statistical software, you can find that the critical t-value for a two-tailed test at the 1% level with 25 degrees of freedom is approximately 2.796.
Since the calculated t-value of 1.24 is smaller than the critical t-value of 2.796, you cannot reject the Null Hypothesis H0: β2 = 0 at the 1% level. There is not enough evidence to support the claim that β2 is significantly different from zero.
To test the Null Hypothesis H0: β2 = 0 against the alternative hypothesis Ha: β2 > 0 at the 5% level, you need to compare the t-value to the critical t-value. The critical t-value for a one-tailed test at the 5% level with 25 degrees of freedom is approximately 1.708.
Since the calculated t-value of 1.24 is smaller than the critical t-value of 1.708, you cannot reject the Null Hypothesis H0: β2 = 0 at the 5% level in favor of the alternative hypothesis Ha: β2 > 0. There is not enough evidence to support the claim that β2 is significantly greater than zero at the 5% level.
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which type of analysis assists with defining how to optimize performance based on a potential constraint
The type of analysis that assists with defining how to optimize performance based on a potential constraint is known as a constraint analysis.
It is a type of analytical method that helps in optimizing performance by identifying the constraints that limit the performance of an organization and determining how they can be removed.
The process of constraint analysis is often used in manufacturing, finance, and other industries to identify and remove bottlenecks, which are the constraints that limit the performance of an organization. Bottlenecks can occur in a variety of areas, such as production, inventory management, logistics, or sales.
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An 8% semiannual coupon bond matures in 4 years. The bond has a
face value of $1,000 and a current yield of 8.2839%.
What is the bond's price? Do not round intermediate calculations.
Round your ans
Therefore, the bond's price is approximately $1,009.315.
To calculate the price of the bond, we can use the formula for the present value of a bond's cash flows. The formula is as follows:
Bond Price = (C / (1 + r)) + (C / (1 + r)²) + ... + (C / (1 + r)ⁿ) + (F / (1 + r)ⁿ)
Where:
C = Coupon payment
r = Yield to maturity (YTM) or discount rate
n = Number of periods or years
F = Face value of the bond
In this case, the bond is a semiannual coupon bond, so we need to adjust the discount rate and the number of periods accordingly.
Coupon rate = 8% (semiannual)
Face value (F) = $1,000
Maturity period = 4 years (semiannual)
Step 1: Calculate the semiannual coupon payment (C)
C = (Coupon rate / 2) * Face value
C = (0.08 / 2) * $1,000
C = $40
Step 2: Calculate the yield to maturity (r) as a decimal
The current yield is given as 8.2839%, which represents the annual yield.
Since the bond pays semiannual coupons, we need to divide the yield by 2 to get the semiannual yield.
r = (8.2839% / 2) / 100
r = 0.0414195
Step 3: Calculate the number of periods (n)
Since the bond is a semiannual bond with a maturity of 4 years, there will be 8 semiannual periods.
n = 8
Step 4: Calculate the bond price
Using the formula mentioned above, we can calculate the bond price as follows:
Bond Price = (C / (1 + r)) + (C / (1 + r)₂) + ... + (C / (1 + r)ⁿ) + (F / (1 + r)ⁿ)
Bond Price = ($40 / (1 + 0.0414195)) + ($40 / (1 + 0.0414195)₂) + ... + ($40 / (1 + 0.0414195)⁸) + ($1,000 / (1 + 0.0414195)⁸)
Performing the calculations for each term and summing them up, we can find the bond price.
Bond Price ≈ $1,009.315
Therefore, the bond's price is approximately $1,009.315.
The bond's price is determined by calculating the present value of its cash flows, which includes the coupon payments and the face value payment at maturity.
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(a) Robinson Crusoe (RC) can devote his time to fishing (F), collecting coconuts (C) or leisure (H). RC takes 6 hours a day leisure (it's a tough life!), and has production functions, F = √LF and C = √Lc, where LF and Lc are the number of hours fishing and collecting coconuts. His utility function is U=F0.25 C0.25 H05. (i) Find and sketch the production possibility curve for fish and coconuts. (ii) Locate the position where Robinson Crusoe both produces and consumes. (b) Now suppose that there is also a second individual, Man Friday (MF), so that there is the possibility of trade. For simplicity, suppose there is one good only (i.e., fish, F) and one input (LF). Suppose that RC owns the means to production i.e. he organizes the fishing), so that he can both produce and consume, but that MF consumes only. Using a diagrammatic analysis, explain clearly why: (i) Trade allows production and consumption decisions to be separated. (ii) There are gains from trade for both individuals. (50% of marks] (c) How might your analysis in part (b) change if there were two goods (i.e., F and C), and both Man Friday and Robinson Crusoe can produce and consume?
(a) (i) The production possibility curve (PPC) shows the maximum combinations of fish (F) and coconuts (C) that Robinson Crusoe can produce given his time constraint.
Let's denote LF as the number of hours devoted to fishing and Lc as the number of hours devoted to collecting coconuts. Since Robinson Crusoe has 24 hours in a day and spends 6 hours on leisure (H), we have LF + Lc + H = 24.
Using the production functions, we can express LF and Lc in terms of F and C : LF = F^2 (1)
Lc = C^2 (2)
We can solve equations (1) and (2) simultaneously to find the relationship between F and C. Taking the square root of both sides of equations (1) and (2), we get:
F = √LF (3)
C = √Lc (4)
Substituting equations (3) and (4) into the time constraint equation, we have:
√LF + √Lc + 6 = 24
Simplifying the equation:
√LF + √Lc = 18 (5)
Equation (5) represents the production possibility curve for fish and coconuts. We can solve this equation to find different combinations of F and C that satisfy the time constraint.
(ii) The position where Robinson Crusoe both produces and consumes can be found by substituting the values of LF and Lc into equations (3) and (4). Since Robinson Crusoe consumes what he produces, the consumption point will lie on the PPC. The specific coordinates will depend on the values chosen for LF and Lc.
(b) (i) Trade allows production and consumption decisions to be separated because Robinson Crusoe, who owns the means of production, can specialize in fishing and produce more fish than he can consume. He can then trade the excess fish with Man Friday, who specializes in consuming and values fish. This separation of tasks allows each individual to focus on their comparative advantage and improves overall efficiency.
(ii) There are gains from trade for both individuals because they can exchange goods based on their relative valuations. If Robinson Crusoe can produce fish at a lower opportunity cost (in terms of coconuts given up) compared to Man Friday, they can agree on a mutually beneficial trade where both parties end up with more of the goods they desire. This specialization and trade allow them to reach a higher level of total utility than if they were to be self-sufficient.
(c) If there were two goods (fish and coconuts) and both Robinson Crusoe and Man Friday can produce and consume, the analysis would change as both individuals would have comparative advantages in producing different goods. The gains from trade would still arise based on comparative advantage and the ability to specialize in the production of goods with lower opportunity costs. The trade would enable them to exchange goods and achieve a more efficient allocation of resources, leading to higher overall utility for both individuals. The production possibility curve would now represent the different combinations of fish and coconuts that can be produced by each individual or jointly, considering their respective production capabilities.
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apitol Industries has x million shares of stock outstanding. In an election for the board of directors, 80 percent of the shares are voted. The company has seven directors on its board, all of whom are elected annually. the company uses a majority rule voting procedure, how many chores are required to elect L One director ii. Two director A majority of the members of the board b. If the company uses a cumulative voting procedure, how many shares are required to elect i. One director ii. Two directors iii. A majority of the members of the board Answer only part b above. Make sure answer all three parts of part b like this: Answer to b.i: (make sure to show your work
a. In a majority rule voting procedure, share required to elect i. One director is (80% of x)/2 + 1 shares, ii. Two directors is (80% of x)/3 + 1 shares, and iii. A majority of the members of the board is [(80% of x)/2] + 4 shares.
b. In cumulative voting, share required to elect i. One director is (80% of x)/2 + 1 shares, ii. Two directors is (80% of x)/2 + 1 shares, and iii. A majority of the members of the board is [(80% of x)/2] + 1 shares.
a. In a majority rule voting procedure, the candidates who have more than 50% of the votes are elected. Let the number of outstanding shares be x million.
i. One director: In order to elect one director, the number of shares required to elect is equal to (80% of x)/2 + 1 shares.
ii. Two directors: In order to elect two directors, the number of shares required to elect is equal to (80% of x)/3 + 1 shares.
iii. A majority of the members of the board: In order to elect a majority of the members of the board, the number of shares required is equal to [(80% of x)/2] + 4 shares. (as there are a total of seven directors on the board)
b. In cumulative voting, shareholders are allowed to cast multiple votes for a single director. The formula for calculating the number of shares required to elect a director using cumulative voting is equal to total votes needed for electing a director divided by the number of directors to be elected.
i. One director: In order to elect one director, the number of shares required to elect is equal to (80% of x)/2 + 1 shares.
ii. Two directors: In order to elect two directors, the number of shares required to elect is equal to (80% of x)/2 + 1 shares.
iii. A majority of the members of the board: In order to elect a majority of the members of the board, the number of shares required is equal to [(80% of x)/2] + 1 shares.
Note: Here, we have divided the total votes needed for electing a director by the number of directors to be elected to obtain the number of shares needed to elect one director.
Note: The question is incomplete. The complete question probably is: Capitol Industries has x million shares of stock outstanding. In an election for the board of directors, 80 percent of the shares are voted. The company has seven directors on its board, all of whom are elected annually. a. If the company uses a majority rule voting procedure, how many shores are required to elect i. One director ii. Two director iii. A majority of the members of the board. b. If the company uses a cumulative voting procedure, how many shares are required to elect i. One director ii. Two directors iii. A majority of the members of the board.
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which of the following is the most liquid asset? a. small denomination time deposits b. currency c. short-term treasury bonds d. shares of stock
Currency, as in Cash, is the most liquid asset. Option B is the correct answer.
Since cash already exists in the form of money, it is the most readily available asset that is feasible. This pertains to actual money as well as the balances in savings and checking accounts. It also contains international currency, but some of it could be challenging to convert to a more prevalent local currency. Option B is the correct answer.
Due to their minimal risk, insurance coverage, and brief duration, cash equivalents are another type of asset holding that can be regarded similarly to cash. An asset that is liquid is one that can readily be turned into cash in a short period of time. Markets for liquid assets often have high levels of demand and security.
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Which of the following is a major difference between stock and bond investments? a. Bonds can be issued by governments but stock cannot. b. Stocks have a fixed maturity but bonds do not c. it is possblet earn arent income on bonds but not on stock d. All of the choices are correct.
Bonds can be issued by governments but stock cannot is a major difference between stock and bond investments. Option A is the correct answer.
Bonds are issued by a corporation or the government, whereas stocks are ownership shares in a company. One distinction between stocks and bonds is this. Stocks represent an organization's equity, or stake in the business. Purchasing stock entails purchasing a few shares, which are effectively miniature representations of the company. Option A is the correct answer.
When you buy more shares, your ownership of the firm increases. Bonds are investments people issue to business or the government as a whole. There are no stock stakes or shares to purchase. When you purchase a bond, a business or government enters into a debt with you; throughout the loan's term, it will pay you interest; thereafter, it will reimburse you for the entire amount you invested in the bond.
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Chiles Corporation's target capital structure consists of 40% debt and 60% common equity. Assume that the firm has no retained earnings to fund it's capital budget in the coming year. Chiles expects to pay an annual dividend of $1.75 this year, which is expected to grow at a constant rate of 5%; and their current stock price is $21.88. Chiles can raise all the debt financing it needs at 11%. If Chiles issues new common stock, a 15% flotation cost will be incurred. The firm's tax rate is 25%. 1. What is the component cost of the equity raised by selling new common stock? 2. What is Chiles' cost of capital assuming they will have to issue new common stock?
Chiles Corporation's cost of capital, assuming they will have to issue new common stock, is approximately 9.63%.
The component cost of the equity raised by selling new common stock can be calculated using the dividend growth model, also known as the Gordon growth model. The formula for the cost of equity (Ke) is as follows:
Ke = (Dividend / Stock Price) + Growth Rate
Given:
Annual Dividend = $1.75
Stock Price = $21.88
Growth Rate = 5%
Ke = ($1.75 / $21.88) + 0.05
Ke ≈ 0.080 + 0.05
Ke ≈ 0.13 or 13%
Therefore, the component cost of the equity raised by selling new common stock is approximately 13%.
To calculate the cost of capital (WACC) for Chiles Corporation assuming they will have to issue new common stock, we need to consider the weights of debt and equity in their target capital structure.
Given:
Debt Weight = 40%
Equity Weight = 60%
Debt Cost (Kd) = 11%
Equity Cost (Ke) = 13%
Flotation Cost = 15%
Tax Rate = 25%
WACC = (Debt Weight * Debt Cost * (1 - Tax Rate)) + (Equity Weight * Equity Cost * (1 - Flotation Cost))
WACC = (0.40 * 0.11 * (1 - 0.25)) + (0.60 * 0.13 * (1 - 0.15))
WACC = (0.04 * 0.75) + (0.078 * 0.85)
WACC ≈ 0.03 + 0.0663
WACC ≈ 0.0963 or 9.63%
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You are hired to review the accounting records of Sherry Inc. (a public corporation) before it closes its revenue and expense accounts as at December 31, 2020, the end of its current fiscal year. The following information comes to your attention. State whether you agree or disagree with each of the accounting decisions made by Sherry below and briefly explain why. If you disagree, list one violation of the conceptual framework.
On December 28, Sherry collected $76,000 cash in advance for merchandise to be shipped in January. This transaction was recorded on December 28 as a debit to cash , $76,000 and a credit to sales revenue, $76,000.
Agree or Disagree:____________________________
Briefly explain why you agree or disagree. If you disagree, list one accounting concept/principle/assumption/qualitative criteria/measurement method that is not followed.
If on December 28, Sherry collected $76,000 cash in advance for merchandise to be shipped in January and the transaction was recorded on December 28 as a debit to cash , $76,000 and a credit to sales revenue, $76,000, I disagree with the decision as it violates the revenue recognition principle.
The given accounting decision by Sherry Inc. is not in accordance with the accounting concepts and principles. It is a violation of the revenue recognition principle, which requires that revenue must be recorded when it is earned, and it must be recognized at the time of sale. Therefore, I disagree with the accounting decision made by Sherry.
This is because the company recorded revenue in the current fiscal year when cash was collected in advance for merchandise that will be shipped in the next fiscal year. As per the revenue recognition principle, revenue must be recognized at the time of sale and not at the time of collection.
Since the merchandise will be shipped in January (next fiscal year), the revenue for this transaction should not be recognized in the current fiscal year (December 2020) but in the next fiscal year (January 2021).
Therefore, the correct entry for the transaction on December 28 would be:
Debit: Cash, $76,000
Credit: Deferred Revenue, $76,000
Thus, this accounting decision violates the revenue recognition principle of accounting.
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a strategic group is a group of firms in an industry that serving the same market segment. [see p.108] group of answer choices true fals
The given statement "A strategic group is a group of firms in an industry that serve the same market segment is true." because strategic groups are firms in the same industry with similar competitive approaches, strategies, and customer bases.
A strategic group is formed by identifying common elements in competitive strategies that relate to one or more strategic dimensions such as price, product differentiation, distribution channels, service, and so on.Companies with similar strategic characteristics are classified into strategic groups to help managers better understand the competitive environment in which their company operates.
They provide a framework for assessing a company's strengths and weaknesses relative to other companies in the same strategic group. Companies are often compared to their direct competitors or the "reference group" closest to them.A strategic group analysis can help companies make strategic decisions, such as selecting a target market, deciding on competitive strategies, and positioning the company in the market.
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A strategic group comprises firms in an industry servicing the same market segment, with a common strategic alignment. The concept of 'core competency' and 'market structure' impact these groups, affecting their formation and operation within an industry.
Explanation:A strategic group is indeed a collection of firms within an industry that serve the same market segment. This group aligns strategically with common competitive strategies and characteristics. For example, in the airline industry, strategic groups might include budget airlines that cater to price-sensitive customers and premium airlines that cater to customers seeking high-end service and luxury.
An important concept related to strategic groups is the core competency. Many successful businesses focus on a core competency, or one or a few products they excel in, as it often leads to more success than trying to produce a wider range of products. An example could be a beverage company that specializes solely in producing a unique type of smoothie that has made them successful in their market niche.
The concept of market structure is also vital. It involves how competitive the industry is and can be defined by several aspects such as the number of firms, product differentiation, and ease of entry and exit in the industry. These factors significantly influence the formation and operation of strategic groups within an industry.
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What is organization? Which features of organizations do managers need to know about to build and use information systems successfully?
An organization is an entity that is formed with the primary objective of carrying out a particular set of activities or functions to achieve specific goals or objectives. Organizations can be classified into various types based on their size, legal structure, sector, and function.
Organizations can be classified into various types based on their size, legal structure, sector, and function. However, regardless of the type of organization, there are common features that characterize it. Some of the features of organizations that managers need to know about to build and use information systems successfully include: 1. Structure: This refers to the organization's internal hierarchy, which outlines the different levels of authority and the chain of command. 2. Culture: This is the shared values, beliefs, and practices that characterize the organization's way of doing things. 3. Business processes: These are the activities or workflows that an organization uses to accomplish its goals.
In conclusion, managers need to understand these features of organizations to develop and use information systems successfully. They need to understand the organization's structure, culture, business processes, technology, people, and data to ensure that the information systems they develop align with the organization's goals and objectives.
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Which of the following claims concerning the importance of effects that explain the slope of a small, open Asian economy’s aggregate demand curve is correct?
a.The exchange-rate effect is relatively longer because exports and imports are a larger part of real GDP.
b.The interest-rate effect is relatively small because investment spending is not very responsive to interest rate changes.
c.The wealth effect is relatively large because money holdings are a significant portion of most households’ wealth.
d.None of the above is correct.
The following claims concerning the importance of effects that explain the slope of a small, open Asian economy’s aggregate demand curve correct is A.The exchange-rate effect is relatively longer because exports and imports are a larger part of real GDP.
A small, open Asian economy's aggregate demand curve is affected by three effects: the wealth effect, the exchange rate effect, and the interest rate effect. The slope of the aggregate demand curve is determined by these effects. Given that the economy is open, it can be influenced by global market events. The exchange rate effect is the most significant driver of the slope of the aggregate demand curve in a small, open Asian economy. The exchange rate effect is a more extended term since exports and imports make up a more significant portion of real GDP.
The interest rate effect and the wealth effect are not critical determinants in the slope of the aggregate demand curve in a small, open Asian economy. The interest rate effect is relatively weak since investment spending is not very responsive to changes in interest rates, and the wealth effect is relatively insignificant because money holdings are not a significant part of most households' wealth. So therefore option A is correct for a small, open Asian economy as the exchange rate effect is a vital determinant of their aggregate demand curve.
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32 of 48 What is NOT required to be a successful project manager? Inspire others to do the right thing. Position Power Work well with others. Ask for help when needed.
Being a successful project manager is not an easy feat, it requires a set of skills and traits that help the individual overcome challenges and lead their team towards success.
However, out of the four given traits, inspiring others to do the right thing is not required to be a successful project manager.
A successful project manager is an individual that possesses a specific set of skills and traits. Among these traits is the ability to lead and communicate effectively with their team, delegate tasks and responsibilities, develop a clear and concise plan of action, and manage the project's budget and timeline.
Position Power, Work well with others, and Ask for help when needed are important skills for a successful project manager. Position power is the ability to lead, make decisions and hold people accountable. Working well with others is crucial to managing a project since the project manager is leading a team towards a common goal. Asking for help when needed is essential because no project manager can do everything on their own.
Inspiring others to do the right thing, although it is a positive trait, is not required to be a successful project manager. While it is great to have a team that is inspired and motivated to do the right thing, a project manager can still achieve success without inspiring their team.
In conclusion, Inspiring others to do the right thing is not a requirement to be a successful project manager.
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in what step of the decision making process should managers use the 5 whys technique?step 4. selection of desired alternative.step 6. evaluation and feedback.step 1. recognition of decision requirement.step 2. diagnosis and analysis of causes.
The 5 Whys technique is most commonly used in Step 2: Diagnosis and analysis of causes in the decision-making process. Option D is the correct answer.
The 5 Whys technique is a problem-solving tool used to identify the root causes of a problem or decision requirement. It involves asking "why" multiple times (typically five times) to delve deeper into the underlying causes of an issue.
By repeatedly asking "why," managers can uncover the primary factors contributing to the problem and gain a better understanding of its true causes. This step of diagnosis and analysis of causes is crucial in order to identify and address the fundamental issues that need to be resolved before moving on to alternative selection and evaluation in subsequent steps.
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Which of the following will be classified as a liability on the balance sheet of a commercial bank? O Vault cash O Outstanding loans O Demand Deposits O Government securities
Outstanding loans will be classified as a liability on the balance sheet of a commercial bank. How are loans shown on the bank's balance sheet? Loans are considered to be the primary source of revenue for a commercial bank.
On the bank's balance sheet, outstanding loans are classified as assets. On the other hand, deposits are classified as liabilities because they reflect how much money the bank owes its depositors. A bank's balance sheet contains the following components: Assets Liabilities Capital Accounts, such as outstanding loans, equipment, property, and cash in the bank's vault, are considered assets for a commercial bank. They include Vault cash: This is the money that a bank keeps in its vault. It can be used to satisfy depositors' cash withdrawal demands.
Outstanding loans: These are loans that the bank has granted but has not yet received payment for Government securities: These are bonds and other securities issued by the government, which a bank may hold as an investment. Liabilities are accounts that a bank owes its depositors or other third parties. They include: Deposits: These are funds that a bank has received but not yet disbursed, such as checking accounts, savings accounts, and certificates of deposit. Other liabilities: These include the bank's obligations to creditors, such as short-term loans, bond issues, and other types of borrowing. Capital refers to the bank's equity, which is the difference between its assets and liabilities.
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Question 9
Ordinary repairs such as normal repair and maintenance are
expenditures that keep assets in normal, good operating condition.
O True O False
True. Ordinary repairs, such as normal repair and maintenance, are expenditures that are incurred to keep assets in normal, good operating condition.
These repairs are necessary to ensure that assets continue to function as intended and to prevent any significant deterioration or decline in their performance.Ordinary repairs typically involve routine tasks such as cleaning, lubricating, replacing worn-out parts, and fixing minor damages or malfunctions. These repairs are considered necessary for the day-to-day operation of assets and are generally recurring in nature.
Unlike major repairs or improvements, ordinary repairs do not enhance the asset's value or extend its useful life beyond its original design. They are simply intended to maintain the asset's normal functionality and prevent any significant deterioration.From an accounting perspective, ordinary repairs are treated as expenses and are deducted from the company's revenue during the period in which they occur. These expenses are recognized in the income statement and are necessary to ensure accurate financial reporting.In conclusion, ordinary repairs are indeed expenditures that keep assets in normal, good operating condition. They are essential for the ongoing maintenance and preservation of assets and are necessary to ensure their continued functionality and performance.
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smith Manufacturing found the following information in its accounting records: $524,000 of direct materials used, $223,000 of direct labour, and $742,000 of manufacturing overhead. The work in process inventory account had a beginning balance of $76,000 and an ending balance of $85,000.
SHOW ALL WORK
Compute the company’s cost of goods manufactured
The company's cost of goods manufactured is $1,480,000.
To compute the company's cost of goods manufactured, we need to calculate the total manufacturing costs incurred during the period. Here's the breakdown:
Direct Materials Used: $524,000
Direct Labor: $223,000
Manufacturing Overhead: $742,000
Total Manufacturing Costs = Direct Materials Used + Direct Labor + Manufacturing Overhead
Total Manufacturing Costs = $524,000 + $223,000 + $742,000
Total Manufacturing Costs = $1,489,000
Next, we need to consider the changes in work in process (WIP) inventory to determine the cost of goods manufactured. The formula for calculating the cost of goods manufactured is:
Cost of Goods Manufactured = Total Manufacturing Costs + Beginning WIP Inventory - Ending WIP Inventory
Beginning WIP Inventory = $76,000
Ending WIP Inventory = $85,000
Cost of Goods Manufactured = $1,489,000 + $76,000 - $85,000
Cost of Goods Manufactured = $1,480,000
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Question 41 Leonard Company purchased a machine that cost $57752, has an estimated residual value of $6601, and has an estimated useful life of 4 years Using the straight line method of depreciation,
The book value of the machine purchased by Leonard Company at the end of year 3 would be $ 19, 388. 75
How to find the book value ?The cost of the machine is given, as well as the residual value and the estimated useful life. We can use this to find the depreciation per year using the straight line method of depreciation:
= ( Cost of Machine - Estimated residual value ) / useful life
= ( 57, 752 - 6, 601 ) / 4
= $ 12, 787. 75
The net book value at the end of year 3 is :
= Cost - 3 year deprciation
= 57, 752 - ( 12, 787. 75 x 3 )
= $ 19, 388. 75
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Rest of question is:
Using the straight line method of depreciation, the book value at the end of year 3 is ?
If a person’s real income increases by 2% while the price level increases by 4%, one can conclude that the person’s nominal income has, approximately:
a- Increased by about 2%
b- Increased by about 4%
c- Decreased by about 2%
d- Increased by about 6%
The person’s nominal income has, approximately decreased by about 2%. Option c is correct.
When a person's real income increases by 2% but the price level increases by 4%, it means that the purchasing power of their income has decreased. This is because the increase in prices has outpaced the increase in income. To maintain the same level of purchasing power, the person's nominal income would need to increase by the same percentage as the increase in the price level, which is 4%.
Since the person's nominal income has only increased by 2%, it has not kept pace with the price level, resulting in a decrease in real income by approximately 2%. Therefore, the correct answer is c- Decreased by about 2%.
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What is the market research of the performance of
Vancouver-based public company SSR Mining?
SSR Mining's market research shows that the company is well-positioned to benefit from the continued growth of the gold mining industry. The company has a strong portfolio of assets, a experienced management team, and a strong financial position.
What is market research?Market research is the process of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting information about a target market or audience to understand its characteristics, preferences, behaviors, and needs.
SSR Mining Inc. is a Canadian intermediate gold mining company with four producing assets located in the United States, Turkey, Canada, and Argentina, combined with a global pipeline of development and exploration assets in the United States, Turkey, Mexico, Peru, and Canada.
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Bertha does not expect any unforseen events but holds some of her savings as currency and coins placed in her sewing basket.
This is an example of
A. Precautionary demand for money.
B. Asset demand for money
C. Transactions demand for money.
D. Speculative demand for money.
Bertha holding some of her savings as currency and coins in her sewing basket is an example of precautionary demand for money.
Precautionary demand for money refers to holding money as a precautionary measure to meet unexpected expenses or emergencies. Bertha's decision to keep some of her savings as currency and coins in her sewing basket indicates her desire to have immediate access to liquid funds in case of unforeseen events. By holding physical cash, she can quickly use it to address any unexpected financial needs without relying on other forms of payment or waiting for fund transfers.
This behavior aligns with the concept of precautionary demand for money, as Bertha is keeping a portion of her savings readily available for potential emergencies or unforeseen circumstances. Therefore, the correct answer is option A: Precautionary demand for money.
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Question 4 Answer saved Marked out of 1.00 Flag question DUBLIN Company has taxable income of $100,000. DUBLIN Company's tax rate is 40% The entry to record their tax charge for the year will include which of the following Credit entries: Select one: O a. Tax Expense $100,000 O b. None of these answers c. Tax Payable $40,000 O d. Tax Payable $100,000 O e Tax Expense $40,000 Clear my choice Question 3 Answer saved Marked out of 1.00 Flag question CORK Company provide the following informaton for the year ended 31 December 2016 Taxable income = $300,000 Pre-Tax Income IFRS= $400,000 Tax Rate= 30% In the Statement of Financial Position, CORK Company will show which of the following under Non-Current Liabilities: Select one: O a. Tax Payable $120,000 b. Deferred Taxation Liabilty: $30,000 O c. Deferred Taxation Liability: $20,000 O d. None of these answers Oe. Tax Payable 90,000 Clear my.choice Question 2 Answer saved Marked out of 1.00 Flag question The Opening Balance on the Deferred Taxation Liability for CLARE Company for 2020 is $40,000 Credit CLARE Company provides the following information for the year-ended 31 December 2020: Taxable income = $700,000 Pre-Tax Income IFRS= $600,000 Tax Rate = 20% in the Statement of Financial Position at 31 December 2021, CLARE Company will show a Taxation Payable Liability of Select one: O a $120,000 O b. $140,000 O c. $90,000 d. None of these answers Oe. $180,000 Clear my choice
Question 4: The entry to record DUBLIN Company's tax charge for the year will include the following Credit entry:
c. Tax Payable $40,000
Question 3: In the Statement of Financial Position, CORK Company will show the following under Non-Current Liabilities:
b. Deferred Taxation Liability: $30,000
Question 2: In the Statement of Financial Position at 31 December 2021, CLARE Company will show a Taxation Payable Liability of:
c. $90,000
Question 4:
The entry to record DUBLIN Company's tax charge for the year will include the following Credit entry:
c. Tax Payable $40,000
In this scenario, DUBLIN Company has a taxable income of $100,000, and their tax rate is 40%. To record the tax charge for the year, the company needs to credit the Tax Payable account. The amount credited would be the tax liability based on the taxable income and tax rate. Therefore, the credit entry would be Tax Payable $40,000, representing the amount of tax the company owes.
Question 3:
In the Statement of Financial Position, CORK Company will show the following under Non-Current Liabilities:
b. Deferred Taxation Liability: $30,000
CORK Company provides the information that its taxable income is $300,000, the pre-tax income under IFRS is $400,000, and the tax rate is 30%. The Deferred Taxation Liability represents the tax that the company has not yet paid but is expected to pay in the future due to temporary differences between taxable income and pre-tax income. The calculation of the Deferred Taxation Liability involves multiplying the temporary difference by the tax rate. In this case, the temporary difference is $400,000 - $300,000 = $100,000, and the tax rate is 30%. Therefore, the Deferred Taxation Liability would be $100,000 * 30% = $30,000.
Question 2:
In the Statement of Financial Position at 31 December 2021, CLARE Company will show a Taxation Payable Liability of:
c. $90,000
CLARE Company provides the information that its taxable income is $700,000, the pre-tax income under IFRS is $600,000, and the tax rate is 20%. Taxation Payable Liability represents the actual tax amount the company owes based on its taxable income and tax rate. To calculate the Taxation Payable Liability, we multiply the taxable income by the tax rate. In this case, the taxable income is $700,000, and the tax rate is 20%. Thus, the Taxation Payable Liability would be $700,000 * 20% = $140,000. However, since the question asks for the liability at the end of 2021, we need to consider the opening balance of the Deferred Taxation Liability. The opening balance is given as $40,000. Therefore, the Taxation Payable Liability at the end of 2021 would be $140,000 - $40,000 = $90,000.
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