Answer:
explains how a firm's WACC increases with the use of financial leverage.
Explanation:
According to the MM Proposition II with taxes, the cost of equity rises with the increases use of debt in the capital structure of a firm.
[tex]r_{e}[/tex] = [tex]r_{o} +( r_{o} - r_{d} )[/tex] × [tex]\frac{D}{E}[/tex]
As cost of equity increases, the firm's WACC increases also
The MM Proposition I with taxes reveals how utilizing the tax shield on debt causes an increase in the value of a firm
When the price level falls, the number of dollars needed to buy a representative basket of goods Group of answer choices decreases, so the value of money rises. increases, so the value of money rises. increases, so the value of money falls. decreases, so the value of money falls.
Answer:
decreases, so the value of money rises
Explanation:
Let us assume the starting price level is $100 so here the amount that need to pay is $100 now the price level falls to $50 so again the amount that should be paid is $50 so as we can see that if there is any fall in the price level so the number of dollar would be decreased therefore the value of the money would be increased
When the price level is 50 so the consumer purchased two things
Hence, the first option is correct
As reported by the Wall Street Journal in its’ article entitled "How Pfizer Set the Cost of its New Drug at $9,850," Pfizer determined that:________.
A. a price below $10,000 (or its determined price of $9,850) for its new drug Ibrance would result in a rapid increase in its marginal costs.
B. a price below $10,000 (or its determined price of $9,850) for its new drug Ibrance would result in a decline in its (total sale) revenues reflecting a price elasticity greater than one (in absolute value) for prices less than $10,000.
C. a price above $10,000 (or its determined price of $9,850) for its new drug Ibrance would result in a decline in its (total sale) revenues reflecting a price elasticity less than one (in absolute value) for prices exceeding $10,000.
D. a price above $10,000 (or its determined price of $9,850) for its new drug Ibrance would result in a decline in its (total sale) revenues reflecting a price elasticity greater than one (in absolute value) for prices exceeding $10,000.
my brain can't process this lol
Cullumber Company issued $445,000, 15-year, 8% bonds at 96. (a) Prepare the journal entry to record the sale of these bonds on January 1, 2022. (Credit account titles are automatically indented when the amount is entered. Do not indent manually.) Date Account Titles and Explanation Debit Credit Jan. 1 enter an account title to record the sale of these bonds on January 1, 2017enter an account title to record the sale of these bonds on January 1, 2017 enter a debit amountenter a debit amount enter a credit amountenter a credit amount enter an account title to record the sale of these bonds on January 1, 2017enter an account title to record the sale of these bonds on January 1, 2017
Answer:
Dr Cash $427,200
Dr Discount on Bonds payable $17,800
Cr Bondss payable $445,000
Explanation:
Preparation of the journal entry to record the sale of these bonds on January 1, 2022
Dr Cash $427,200
($445,000 × 0.96)
Dr Discount on Bonds payable $17,800
($445,000-$427,200)
Cr Bonds payable $445,000
(Being to record the sale of the bond )
A gold processor has two sources of gold ore, source A and source B. In order to keep his plant running, at least three tons of ore must be processed each day. Ore from source A costs $20 per ton to process, and ore from source B costs $10 per ton to process. Costs must be kept to less than $80 per day. Moreover, Federal Regulations require that the amount of ore from source B cannot exceed twice the amount of ore from source A. If ore from source A yields 2 oz. of gold per ton, and ore from source B yields 3 oz. of gold per ton, how many tons of ore from both sources must be processed each day to maximize the amount of gold extracted subject to the above constraints
Answer:
that is letter A
Im sorry beacause wrong
Preble Company manufactures one product. Its variable manufacturing overhead is applied to production based on direct labor-hours and its standard cost card per unit is as follows:
Direct materials: 5 pounds at $8.00 per pound $40.00
Direct labor: 2 hours at $14 per hour 28.00
Variable overhead: 2 hours at $5 per hour 10.00
Total standard cost per unit $78.00
The planning budget for March was based on producing and selling 25,000 units. However, during March the company actually produced and sold 30,000 units and incurred the following costs:
a. Purchased 160,000 pounds of raw materials at a cost of $7.50 per pound. All of this material was used in production.
b. Direct laborers worked 55,000 hours at a rate of $15.00 per hour.
c. Total variable manufacturing overhead for the month was $280,500.
Required:
a. What raw materials cost would be included in the company's planning budget for March?
b. What raw materials cost would be included in the company's flexible budget for March?
c. What is the materials price variance for March?
Answer:
Results are below.
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Direct materials: 5 pounds at $8.00 per pound $40.00
The planning budget for March was based on producing and selling 25,000 units.
a)
The material cost included in the planning budget is the standard cost multiplied for the budgeted production.
Direct material requiered= 25,000*5= 100,000 pounds
Standard cost per pound= $5
Direct material budget= 100,000*5= $500,000
b)
The raw material's flexible budget adapts to the actual production level.
Direct material flexible budget= standard cost*actual material used in production
Direct material flexible budget= 5*160,000
Direct material flexible budget= $800,000
c)
To calculate the direct material price variance, we need to use the following formula:
Direct material price variance= (standard price - actual price)*actual quantity
Direct material price variance= (5 - 7.5)*160,000
Direct material price variance= $400,000 unfavorable
1. True or false. The first word of your answer has to be either true or false. If the first word of your answer is not true or false, you receive 0 points. If the statement is true you are finished answering. If your answer is false, briefly explain why it is false. a. "If leisure is a normal good, a rise in the wage rate must lead to an increase in the number of hours that an individual wishes to work." b. "A good is inferior only if quantity demanded falls as price falls." c. " If the income effect is greater than the substitution effect and leisure is an inferior good, the labor supply curve will be negatively sloped."
Answer:
a. FALSE, since leisure is a normal good, an increase in the wage rate will result in both substitution and income effect which will decrease the number of hours worked and increase the leisure hours.
b. TRUE
c. FALSE, if leisure is an inferior good, as rise in wages will result in more working hours and les leisure hours, meaning that the labor supply has a positive slope.
Bank of the Atlantic has liabilities of $4 million with an average maturity of two years paying interest rates of 4.0 percent annually. It has assets of $5 million with an average maturity of 5 years earning interest rates of 6.0 percent annually. What is the bank's net interest income for the current year
Answer:
the bank net interest income for the current year is $140,000
Explanation:
The computation of the bank net interest income for the current year is shown below:
= (Interest earning assets × Interest rate earned)-(Interest bearing liabilities × Interest rate rate)
= $5,000,000 × 6% - $4,000,000 × 4%
=$300,000 - $160,000
= $140,000
Hence, the bank net interest income for the current year is $140,000
Interest rates on 4-year Treasury securities are currently 5.55%, while 6-year Treasury securities yield 7.7%. The data has been collected in the Microsoft Excel Online file below. Open the spreadsheet and perform the required analysis to answer the question below. Open spreadsheet If the pure expectations theory is correct, what does the market believe that 2-year securities will be yielding 4 years from now? Calculate the yield using a geometric average. Do not round your intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places.
Answer:
12.13%
Explanation:
Calculation to determine what the market believe that 2-year securities will be yielding 4 years from now using a geometric average
Yield=((1+6 year rate)^6/(1+4 year rate)^4)^(1/2)-1
Yield =((1+7.7%)^6/(1+5.55%)^4)^(1/2)-1
Yield =0.1213*100
Yield =12.13%
Therefore what the market believe that 2-year securities will be yielding 4 years from now
using a geometric average will be 12.13%
Grocery Corporation received $300,328 for 11 percent bonds issued on January 1, 2018, at a market interest rate of 8 percent. The bonds had a total face value of $250,000, stated that interest would be paid each December 31, and stated that they mature in 10 years. Assume Grocery Corporation accounts for the bond using the shortcut approach.
Required:
Prepare the required journal entries to record the bond issuance and the first interest payment on December 31.
Answer and Explanation:
The journal entry is shown below:
Cash Dr $300328
To Bonds Payable $250000
To Premium on Bonds payable $50328
(Being bond issued at a premium is recorded)
Interest Expense Dr $24026 ($300,328 × 8%)
Premium on bonds payable Dr $3474
To Cash $27500 ($250,000 ×11%)
(Being interest expense recorded)
These two entries should be recorded for the given situation
Type the correct answer in the box. Spell all words correctly
While moving data into a data warehouse, Ivan and his team discover duplicate records in the transactional database. Which process in the
staging area is responsible for removing these duplicate records?
The data ______
process removes the duplicate data in the staging area.
Answer:
The data CLEANING process
Explanation:
The data cleaning process is used to remove the duplicate data from a data set.
What is data cleaning?The process of repairing or removing incorrect, corrupted, incorrectly formatted, duplicate, or incomplete data from a dataset is known as data cleaning.
Duplicate data is created during data collection. While combining data sets from multiple places, or when data is received from clients or multiple departments, duplicate data can be created.
The cleaning process in the staging area will remove duplicate records.
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For the U.S. soft drink market, of the 300 million people in the U.S., 80% of the population is the maximum number of consuming units. The average soft drink consumer buys 365 soft drinks a year at an average price of $0.98 per drink. What is the annual market potential of soft drink in dollar value
Answer:
Annual market potential = $85,848 millions
Explanation:
The annual market potential is the expected sales value for the soft drink product for a year should the maximum number of potential consumers purchase the product at the average price.
Annual market potential = Average price × No of consuming unit × consumption rate per annum
Maximum number of consuming unit = 80%× 300 million =240 million
Consumption rate per buyer per annum = 365
Average price = $0.98
Annual market potential ($) = 0.98× 240× 365 =$85,848 millions
Annual market potential = $85,848 millions
Type the correct answer in the box, Spell the word correctly.
Anika wants to create a visual to represent a table that shows the growth of her company's market share over a year. What type of graph would best
show this relationship?
Anika should use a________
to show the plotted points for the market share of her company by the end of each month or quarter of the year.
Answer:
Bar Chart
Explanation:
This is a good way to represent data, especially for company/business information
PLEASE HELP!! Imagine you are applying for a job as a babysitter or as a grass-cutter. Write a cover letter that tells the family why you are qualified for the job. Use a proper business letter writing format
I am a devoted babysitter. I have plenty of experience with children. I know how to cook, I am great with tools. I am very independent and have plenty of potentials. I hope you can trust me with your kids or your yard.
Ayala Architects incorporated as licensed architects on April 1, 2017. During the first month of the operation of the business, these events and transactions occurred:
Apr.
1 Stockholders invested $22,770 cash in exchange for common stock of the corporation.
1 Hired a secretary-receptionist at a salary of $474 per week, payable monthly.
2 Paid office rent for the month $1,138.
3 Purchased architectural supplies on account from Burmingham Company $1,644.
10 Completed blueprints on a carport and billed client $2,403 for services.
11 Received $885 cash advance from M. Jason to design a new home.
20 Received $3,542 cash for services completed and delivered to S. Melvin.
30 Paid secretary-receptionist for the month $1,896.
30 Paid $379 to Burmingham Company for accounts payable due.
Required:
Journalize the transactions.
Answer:
Ayala Architects
Journal Entries:
Apr. 1 Debit Cash $22,770
Credit Common Stock $22,770
To record common stock for cash.
Apr. 2 Debit Rent Expense $1,138
Credit Cash $1,138
To record rent expense paid for cash.
Apr. 3 Debit Supplies $1,644
Credit Cash $1,644
To record Supplies paid for cash.
Apr. 10 Debit Accounts Receivable $2,403
Credit Service Revenue $2,403
To record services rendered on account.
Apr. 11 Debit Cash $885
Credit Deferred Revenue $885
To record cash receipt for services not yet rendered.
Apr. 20 Debit Cash $3,542
Credit Service Revenue $3,542
To record cash received for services rendered.
Apr. 30 Debit Salaries $1,896
Credit Cash $1,896
To record payment of salary.
Apr. 30 Debit Accounts Payable $379
Credit Cash $379
To record payment on account.
Explanation:
a) Data and Analysis:
Apr. 1 Cash $22,770 Common Stock $22,770
Apr. 2 Rent Expense $1,138 Cash $1,138
Apr. 3 Supplies $1,644 Cash $1,644
Apr. 10 Accounts Receivable $2,403 Service Revenue $2,403
Apr. 11 Cash $885 Deferred Revenue $885
Apr. 20 Cash $3,542 Service Revenue $3,542
Apr. 30 Salaries $1,896 Cash $1,896
Apr. 30 Accounts Payable $379 Cash $379
Gartner Manufacturing Inc. purchases a component from a Malaysian supplier. The demand for that component is exactly 70 units each day. The company is open for business 250 days each year. When the company reorders the product, the lead time from the supplier is exactly 10 days. The product costs $14.00. The company determined that its inventory carrying cost is 20%. The company's order cost is $30.00. How many orders per year will be made, when using the EOQ
Answer:
Number of orders= 28.59 = 29 orders
Explanation:
Economic order quantity (EOQ) is the ideal order quantity a company should purchase to minimize inventory costs such as holding costs, shortage costs, and order costs.
Economic order quantity (EOQ)= √[(2*D*S)/H]
D= Demand in units
S= Order cost
H= Holding cost
D= 70*250= 17,500
S= $30
H= 14*0.2= $2.8
Now, using the formula:
EOQ= √[(2*17,500*30) / 2.8]
EOQ= √375,000
EOQ= 612.37 = 612
Finally, the number of orders:
Number of orders= total demand / EOQ
Number of orders= 17,500 / 612
Number of orders= 28.59 = 29 orders
Alpha Company owns 80 percent of the voting stock of Beta Company. Alpha and Beta reported the following account information from their year-end separate financial records: Alpha Beta Inventory $95,000 $88,000 Sales Revenue 800,000 300,000 Cost of Goods Sold 600,000 180,000 During the current year, Alpha sold inventory to Beta for $100,000. As of year end, Beta had resold only 60 percent of these intra-entity purchases. Alpha sells inventory to Beta at the same markup it uses for all of its customers. What is the total for consolidated inventory
Answer:
$173,000
Explanation:
The computation of the total consolidated inventory is shown below:
But before that following calculations need to be done
Percentage profits that Alpha charge to other customers is
= ($800,000 - $600,000) ÷ $800,000
= 25% of sales
Stock held at year end is
= $100,000 × 40%
= $40,000
Profit involved in stock is
= $40,000 × 25%
= $10,000
Now the stock of beta is
= $88,000 - $10,000
= $78,000
And finally, the Total for consolidated inventory is
= $95,000 + $78,000
= $173,000
Which statement concerning the kinked demand curve model of oligopoly is false? The portion of the demand curve above the "kink" is more elastic than the portion below. The firm's marginal costs can sometimes shift without changing the profit-maximizing price and output. It assumes when one oligopolist raises the price, all others will follow. It addresses the question of price "stickiness."
Answer: It assumes when one oligopolist raises the price, all others will follow
Explanation:
An oligopoly is a form of market where there are dominated by few group of large sellers.
A kinked demand curve simply happens when the elasticity is not thesame for the lower and higher prices and the demand curve isn't a straight line.
It simply suggests that there are rigid prices and assumes when one oligopolist raises the price, all others will follow.
Ann Jones uses a dry-cleaning machine in her business, and it was partially destroyed by firE. At the time of the fire, the adjusted basis was $20,000 and its fair market value was $18,000. The adjusted basis after the fire is $10,000 and the fair market value after the casualty is $10,000. How much is the casualty loss
Answer:
the casualty loss is $8,000
Explanation:
The computation of the casualty loss is given below:
Lower of
= Adjusted basis or decline in FMV
= $10,000 or ($18,000 - $10,000)
= $10,000 or $8,000
= $8,000
hence, the casualty loss is $8,000
The same would be considered and relevant
The other values would be ignored
5
Select the correct answer.
Which type of investment offers both capital gains and interest income?
ОА.
property
OB.
CDs
Ос.
stocks
OD
bonds
Plato
Answer:
stocks
Explanation:
stocks have both a postitiveand negitive pole its the only one that makes sence.
Answer:
Stocks
Explanation:
Stocks is the type of investment offers both capital gains and interest income.
Black Oil Company considered building a service station in a new location. The owners and their accountants decided that this was the profitable thing to do. However, soon after they made this decision, both the interest rate and the cost of building the station changed. In which case do these changes both make it less likely that they will now build the station?
Answer: An increase in the Interest rates and the cost of building the station
Explanation:
Before setting out to do business, most companies and investors calculate the cost of setting up the business and what they stand to gain when the business does well and when it doesn't. Most of these analysis are done when the business is being put into consideration. When there is a change in cost of any of the items put into consideration, the business would either be carried out or cancelled. What could discourage the Black oil company would be either an increase in interest rates or cost of building the station.
Ballard Company uses the perpetual inventory system. The company purchased $10,000 of merchandise from Andes Company under the terms 2/10, net/30. Ballard paid for the merchandise within 10 days and also paid $450 freight to obtain the goods under terms FOB shipping point. All of the merchandise purchased was sold for $19,000 cash. What is the amount of gross margin that resulted from these business events
Answer: $8750
Explanation:
The amount of gross margin that resulted from these business events will be calculated as:
Purchase = $10000
Less: Purchase discount = $10000 × 2% = $200
Add: Freight paid = $450
Total purchase = $10250
Gross margin = Sales - Total Purchases
= $19000 - $10250
= $8750
1. Ownership of the 1,000 shares outstanding are evenly divided among 80 shareholders. The shareholders are 78 individuals, 10 of whom are married to each other, and two estates. Permitted 2. A domestic corporation elects S status on April 15. Retroactively effective 3. Articles of incorporation authorize 800 shares of voting common stock, 200 shares of nonvoting preferred, and no other shares. Not permitted 4. A domestic corporation elects S status on March 3. When is the earliest effective date
Answer: hello the options to your question is missing attached below are the missing options
permittedsubsequently effectivepermittedRetroactively effectiveExplanation:
1) permitted ; because the ownership is divided into less than 100 shareholders at the time .
2) subsequently effective ; Because April 15 is after 2.5 months of the beginning of the Financial year
3) Permitted : Because S status can issue voting and Non-voting stock
4) Retroactively effective : The earliest effective date is within 2.5 months of the Financial year
Chavoy Corporation was organized on July 1. The company's charter authorizes 100,000 shares of $10 par value common stock. On August 1, the attorney who helped organize the corporation accepted 800 shares of Chavoy common stock in settlement for the services provided (the services were valued at $9,600). On August 15, Chavoy issued 5,000 common shares for $78,000 cash. On October 15, Chavoy issued 3,000 common shares to acquire a vacant land site appraised at $51,000. Prepare the journal entries to record the stock issuances on August 1, August 15, and October 15.
Answer:
August 1
Dr Legal Expense $9,600
Cr Common stock $8,000
Cr Paid Capital $1,600
August 15
Dr Cash $78,000
Cr Common stock $50,000
Cr Paid in Capital $28,000
October 15
Dr Land $51,000
Cr Common stock $30,000
Cr Paid in Capital $21,000
Explanation:
Preparation of the journal entries to record the stock issuances on August 1, August 15, and October 15.
August 1
Dr Legal Expense $9,600
Cr Common stock $8,000
(800 shares*$10 par value)
Cr Paid Capital $1,600
($9,600-$8,000)
(To record stock issuances)
August 15
Dr Cash $78,000
Cr Common stock $50,000
(5,000shares*$10 par value)
Cr Paid in Capital $28,000
($78,000-$50,000)
(To record stock issuances)
October 15
Dr Land $51,000
Cr Common stock $30,000
(3,000shares*$10 par value)
Cr Paid in Capital $21,000
($51,000-$30,000)
(To record stock issuances)
Mortar Corporation acquired 80 percent of Granite Corporation's voting common stock on January 1, 20X7. On December 31, 20X8, Mortar received $370,000 from Granite for equipment Mortar had purchased on January 1, 20X5, for $400,000 and had been depreciating it over 10 Years and no salvage value. After the sale, the equipment is expected to have a 5-year useful life and no salvage value. Both companies depreciate equipment on a straight-line basis. Based on the preceding information, in the preparation of elimination entries related to the equipment transfer for the 20X8 consolidated financial statements, the debit adjustment to equipment would be: Group of answer choices
Answer:
The debit adjustment to equipment would be $30,000.
Explanation:
Amount received for the equipment by Mortar from Granite - $370,000
Purchase price of the equipment = $400,000
Debit adjustment to equipment = Purchase price of the equipment - Amount received for the equipment by Mortar from Granite = $400,000 - $370,000 = $30,000
Therefore, the debit adjustment to equipment would be $30,000.
Skysong, Inc. sells office equipment on July 31, 2022, for $17,400 cash. The office equipment originally cost $72,400 and as of January 1, 2022, had accumulated depreciation of $42,300. Depreciation for the first 7 months of 2022 is $5,250. Prepare the journal entries to (a) update depreciation to July 31, 2022, and (b) record the sale of the equipment.
Answer:
(a) update depreciation to July 31, 2022
Debit : Depreciation expense $5,250
Credit : Accumulated depreciation $5,250
(b) record the sale of the equipment.
Debit : Accumulated depreciation $47,550
Debit : Cash $17,400
Debit : Profit and Loss $7,450
Credit : Cost $72,400
Explanation:
Accumulated Depreciation is the total depreciation charged on the asset during its tie in use in the business Accumulated depreciation is $47,550 ($42,300 + $5,250 ).
The Sale has resulted in a loss of $7,450 ($72,400 - $17400 - $47,550)
Albert purchased a tract of land for $140,000 in 2017 when he heard that a new highway was going to be constructed through the property and that the land would soon be worth $200,000. Highway engineers surveyed the property and indicated that he would probably get $180,000. The highway project was abandoned in 2020 and the value of the land fell to $100,000. What is the amount of loss Albert can claim in 2020
Answer:
The amount of loss that Albert can claim in 2020 is limited to:
= $3,000.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
2017 Purchase cost of the tract of land = $140,000
Speculated price of the land = $200,000
Highway engineers-determined value = $180,000
2020 Value of the land after the project was abandoned = $100,000
The total amount of capital loss = $40,000 ($140,000 - $100,000)
The total amount of capital loss that Albert can claim in any tax year is limited to $3,000. The remaining amount of the capitalloss that he incurred in 2020 will be carried forward.
what are tresholds in auditing?
Answer:
:)
Explanation:
The materiality threshold in audits refers to the benchmark used to obtain reasonable assurance that an audit does not detect any material misstatement that can significantly impact the usability of financial statements.
The Argentine peso was fixed through a currency board at Ps1.00/$ throughout the 1990s. In January 2002 the Argentine peso was floated. On January 29, 2003 it was trading at Ps3.20/$. During that one year period Argentina's inflation rate was 20% on an annualized basis. Inflation in the United States during that same period was 2.2% annualized.
Required:
a. What should have been the exchange rate in January 2003 if PPP held?
b. By what percentage was the Argentine peso undervalued on an annualized basis?
c. What were the probable causes of undervaluation?
Answer:
1. 1.17416 peso/$
2. -63.30%
Explanation:
1. The exchange rate in January if PPP is held
1.00 = exchange rate
20 % = inflation in Argentina
0.22% = us inflation
1.00(1+0.20)/(1+0.022)
= 1.00x1.20/1.022
= 1.17416 pesos/$
B. Percentage by which pesos was devalued
(PPP/actual exchange rate)-1
= 1.17416/3.20 -1
= 0.366925-1
= -0.6330
= -63.30%
C. At 20 % we can see that inflation is really high in Argentina which is probably the reason for the undervaluation. But the truth is inflation alone cannot be held responsible. Severe crisis in Argentinas balance of payment is partly responsible
A portfolio is composed of two stocks, A and B. Stock A has a standard deviation of return of 23%, while stock B has a standard deviation of return of 29%. Stock A comprises 70% of the portfolio, while stock B comprises 30% of the portfolio. If the variance of return on the portfolio is 0.042, the correlation coefficient between the returns on A and B is _________. Multiple Choice 0.088 0.304 0.213 0.091
Answer:
0.304
Explanation:
The calculation has been done step by step in order to understand the final result. Note that (p) in the below working refers to the correlation coefficient between Stock A and B.
0.042 = (0.70^2)(0.23^2) + (0.30^2)(0.29^2) + 2(0.70)(0.30)(0.23)(0.29)p
0.042 = 0.0259 + 0.0076 + 0.028p
0.042 = 0.0335 + 0.028p
0.042 - 0.0335 = 0.028p
0.0085 = 0.028p
p = 0.0085 / 0.028
p = 0.304
What does ceteris paribus mean?
ОА.
other things remain unequal
OB. other things remain constant
Oc. other things remain irregular
OD. other things remain unbalanced
Ceteris paribus mean : B. other things remain constant.
What is Ceteris paribus ?Ceteris paribus was a latin word that tend to means other things remain constant or the same.
Example of Ceteris paribus is when a marketer might say "ceteris paribus, we expect sales to increase by 20% if we lower the price of our product" to show that they are assuming that all other factors affecting sales such as advertising, competition, and consumer sentiment will remain the same
Therefore the correct option is B.
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