The administration of a company's strategy should be dispersed across the organization, according to our textbook "Strategic Management: Concepts and Cases" by Fred R. David and Forest R. David.
According to the authors, the phases of strategy formulation and implementation ought to take place at several organizational levels, including the corporate level, business level, and functional level. Senior executives at the corporate level are in charge of creating and disseminating the organization's overall purpose, vision, and strategic goals.
They also decide how to manage the portfolio of businesses owned by the corporation and how to allocate resources. Managers are in charge of creating and putting into action company-level plans for certain business units or product lines. To identify strategic choices, they must examine the market and the competitive environment.
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Imagine a scenario where a grass fire burns 90% of a prairie habitat. The grasses that remain are unable to recover due to feeding pressure from a rodent. A small shrub, which is associated with later successional stages and produces a toxin dangerous to the rodent, then colonizes the bare patches of ground and gradually increases in abundance. The effect of the prairie grass on the shrub is most consistent with a _model of succession, with the fire acting as a _______agent of change. The small shrub is likely to be protected from rodent predation by___ O A. tolerance; subtle; silica OB. inhibition; catastrophic; endophytes O C. facilitation; catastrophic; endophytes OD. inhibition; biotic; endophytes O E. tolerance; catastrophic; silica
The effect of the prairie grass on the shrub is most consistent with a facilitation model of succession, with the fire acting as a catastrophic agent of change. The small shrub is likely to be protected from rodent predation by endophytes . Option C
The effect of the grass fire on the prairie habitat can be understood within the context of ecological succession, which is the gradual process of change in the composition of species within a given ecosystem. Specifically, the scenario describes secondary succession, which occurs after a disturbance has partially or completely destroyed the existing community.
In this case, the grass fire acted as a catastrophic agent of change, as it caused significant damage to the prairie habitat, burning 90% of the grasses.
The remaining grasses were unable to recover due to feeding pressure from a rodent, which likely consumed them before they had a chance to regrow. However, a small shrub, which is associated with later successional stages, was able to colonize the bare patches of ground left by the fire.
This is an example of facilitation, a type of interaction between species in which one species helps another by making the environment more suitable for its growth and reproduction.
Interestingly, the small shrub produces a toxin that is dangerous to the rodent, which suggests that the shrub may be protected from predation. This protection is likely due to the presence of endophytes, which are microorganisms that live inside plant tissues and can produce compounds that are toxic or distasteful to herbivores.
This is an example of inhibition, another type of interaction between species in which one species limits the growth or survival of another. Overall, the scenario illustrates the dynamic nature of ecological succession, and the importance of understanding the interactions between species in order to predict how ecosystems will respond to environmental change. Option C is correct.
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The major implication for managers using Maslow's need theory of motivation is: a. focus on higher order needs b. design self-actualizing jobs c. help employees satisfy lower order needs d. to invert the pyramid e. explore additional needs to satisfy
The major implication for managers using Maslow's need theory of motivation is: focus on higher order needs.
What is motivation?Motivation is the psychological and emotional force that drives an individual to achieve a goal. It is an energizing, driving force that activates and sustains goal-oriented behavior. Motivation can come from both internal and external sources, such as rewards, recognition, and personal satisfaction. Internal motivators include a sense of purpose, self-esteem, and self-efficacy. External motivators include rewards, praise, and recognition from others. Motivation is a key factor in determining how successful individuals and organizations are in achieving their goals and objectives. It is essential for individuals to have a clear understanding of their goals and objectives in order to stay motivated and productive.
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which of the following is a false statement regarding open-end mutual funds? question 9 options: they sell shares to investors at net asset vale (nav). they trade on organized exchanges. they offer investors a well-diversified portfolio. they redeem shares at their net asset value (nav).
The false statement regarding open-end mutual funds is: they trade on organized exchanges. Open-end mutual funds issue and redeem shares directly with investors based on their net asset value (NAV), and do not trade on organized exchanges like stocks.
The false statement regarding open-end mutual funds is that they trade on organized exchanges. Open-end mutual funds do not trade on organized exchanges like stocks do. Instead, investors buy and sell shares directly with the mutual fund company at the net asset value (NAV) price. Open-end mutual funds are designed to offer investors a well-diversified portfolio and redeem shares at their NAV price.
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suppose that natasha bought a share of general motors stock. the stock is a(n) _____ for natasha and a(n) _____ for general motors. asset; liability liability; asset asset; asset liability; liability
When Natasha bought a share of General Motors stock, the stock is an "asset" for Natasha and a "liability" for General Motors. Therefore, the answer is asset; liability.
The share of General Motors stock is an asset for Natasha because it represents her ownership in a valuable resource that she can sell or trade in the future. At the same time, it is a liability for General Motors because they have a financial obligation to provide dividends and other benefits to the shareholder, including the right to vote on important company decisions.
An asset is a resource owned or controlled by an individual, corporation, or other entity that holds economic value and can be used to generate future benefits. Assets can include cash, property, investments, or accounts receivable. A liability, on the other hand, is an obligation or debt that an entity must fulfill or settle in the future, typically as a result of past transactions or events.
Liabilities can include loans, accounts payable, or mortgages. In summary, assets are valuable resources owned or controlled by an entity, while liabilities are obligations or debts that must be settled in the future.
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Using the IS and LM equations to find the equation of the Aggregate Demand curve that shows the relationship between Y and P. Sketch your solutions for IS, LM, and AD on a graph.
The IS and LM equations can be used to derive the equation of the Aggregate Demand (AD) curve, which shows the relationship between the level of output (Y) and the price level (P).
The IS equation represents the goods market, while the LM equation represents the money market.
The IS equation is given by:[tex]Y = C + I(r) + G + NX(Y*, P)[/tex]
Where C is consumption, I(r) is investment that depends on the real interest rate (r), G is government spending, and NX(Y*, P) is net exports that depend on the level of foreign income (Y*) and the domestic price level (P). The LM equation is given by: [tex]M / P = L(r, Y)[/tex]
Where M is the money supply, P is the price level, and L(r, Y) is the demand for money that depends on the real interest rate (r) and the level of income (Y).
To derive the AD equation, we need to solve for Y in both the IS and LM equations and equate them.
From the IS equation, we get:[tex]Y = C + I(r) + G + NX(Y*, P)[/tex]
Rearranging terms, we get: [tex]Y - C - G = I(r) + NX(Y*, P)[/tex]
Dividing both sides by (1 - NX(Y*, P)), we get:
Y - C - G
------------ = 1
1 - NX(Y*, P)
Next, we solve for Y in the LM equation:
M / P = L(r, Y)
Multiplying both sides by P, we get:
M = P * L(r, Y)
Substituting M/P for L(r, Y), we get:
M = L(r, Y) * M / P
Solving for Y, we get:
Y = (M / P) / L(r, Y)
Equating the two expressions for Y, we get:
Y - C - G
------------ = 1
1 - NX(Y*, P)
= (M / P) / L(r, Y)
Multiplying both sides by L(r, Y) and simplifying, we get:
Y = [C + I(r) + G + NX(Y*, P)] + [M / (1 - NX(Y*, P))]
This is the equation of the Aggregate Demand (AD) curve, which shows the relationship between Y and P. The AD curve is downward sloping because as the price level increases, the demand for money increases, which leads to higher interest rates and lower investment and consumption. This, in turn, leads to a lower level of output.
The IS, LM, and AD curves can be plotted on a graph with Y on the vertical axis and P on the horizontal axis. The IS curve is upward-sloping, representing the positive relationship between output and the real interest rate. The LM curve is upward-sloping as well, representing the positive relationship between output and the nominal interest rate. The AD curve is downward sloping, representing the negative relationship between output and the price level.
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sum of years digits company purchased machinery on january 1, 2020, for $82,400. the machinery is estimated to have a salvage value of $8,240 after a useful life of 8 years. True or False?
The statement is True. The company purchased the machinery for $74,160, and it is estimated to have a salvage value of $2,040 after 8 years of use. This information can be used to calculate the depreciation using the sum of years' digits method.
False.
To determine if the statement is true or false, we need to calculate the depreciation expense using the sum of years digits method.
First, we need to calculate the total depreciation over the useful life of the machinery:
Total depreciation = Cost - Salvage value = $82,400 - $8,240 = $74,160
Next, we need to calculate the sum of years digits for the useful life of the machinery:
Sum of years digits = 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 8 = 36
Finally, we can calculate the depreciation expense for each year using the sum of years digits method:
Year 1: (8/36) x $74,160 = $16,480
Year 2: (7/36) x $74,160 = $14,480
Year 3: (6/36) x $74,160 = $12,480
Year 4: (5/36) x $74,160 = $10,320
Year 5: (4/36) x $74,160 = $8,240
Year 6: (3/36) x $74,160 = $6,160
Year 7: (2/36) x $74,160 = $4,080
Year 8: (1/36) x $74,160 = $2,040
As we can see, the total depreciation over the useful life of the machinery is $74,160, which is the same as the cost minus the salvage value. Therefore, the statement is false.
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Many companies are now establishing guidelines and policies helping managers deal with marketing ethics. Of the following, which is a correct statement regarding these actions? A. Companies who hire ethical marketers will avoid ethical issues and problems B. Creating defined guidelines can resolve all the difficult ethical decisions a company faces C. Ethical marketing practices are not necessarily good business practices. D. Ethics and social responsibility require a total corporate commitment E. Guidelines and policies help to provide risk mitigation against possible legal action
Numerous companies are establishing various guidelines and policies to help managers maintain marketing ethics. Regarding these actions, of the following statements, the correct one is: D. Ethics and social responsibility require a total corporate commitment.
Ethics and social responsibility require a total corporate commitment, because while guidelines and policies can provide guidance and help mitigate risks, practices that help maintain marketing ethics, ultimately require a commitment from the entire company to prioritize ethical decision-making and social responsibility. Hiring ethical marketers is important, but it is not a guarantee against ethical issues and problems. Creating defined guidelines can be helpful, but they cannot resolve all the difficult ethical decisions a company may face.
Additionally, ethical marketing practices are often good business practices, but not always. Companies need to consider both ethical and business implications when making decisions. Finally, guidelines and policies can help provide risk mitigation against possible legal action, but they should not be relied upon as the sole solution to ethical concerns.
Option D is correct.
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which would be the appropriate strategy for companies to use to compete in the global marketplace if the marketplace pressure is for lower costs with no pressure for local adaptation?
Companies should focus on achieving economies of scale and cost efficiencies to compete in the global marketplace where there is pressure for lower costs with no pressure for local adaptation.
Companies can achieve economies of scale by investing in technology and automation to reduce labor costs, consolidating production in low-cost countries, and optimizing their supply chains to reduce transportation costs. Additionally, companies should consider outsourcing non-core functions to specialized third-party providers to reduce costs further.
To remain competitive in this environment, companies should also prioritize quality control and innovation to ensure that they can maintain their market position and profitability over the long term. Overall, the key to success in a global marketplace with a focus on lower costs is to optimize efficiency and remain nimble to respond to changing market conditions.
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A SWOT analysis is an) ____. O diversity and synergy method used in vertical integration O search for the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats influencing an organization's competition search for the strengths O inexpensive method of implementing a forecast O search for the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats affecting an organization. O analysis of strategies, ways to improve, output methods, and threats influencing a company
A SWOT analysis is a method used for search of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats affecting an organization. option (B) is correct answer.
SWOT stands for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats. It is a framework used by businesses and organizations to assess their current position in the market and identify potential areas for growth or improvement.
The SWOT analysis involves analyzing internal factors, such as the organization's strengths and weaknesses, as well as external factors, such as opportunities and threats in the market or industry. This analysis can help businesses develop strategies to capitalize on their strengths and opportunities, while addressing weaknesses and potential threats to their operations.
Overall, the SWOT analysis is a useful tool for businesses and organizations to evaluate their position and make informed decisions about their future direction. Therefore option (B) is correct answer.
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For a hash table with which collision-resolving strategy can a load factor of λ = 0.7 guarantee that adding a new item is O(1)?
A load factor of λ = 0.7 ensures that there is still enough space in the hash table to keep the length of the linked lists manageable, allowing for constant-time insertion of new items.
For a hash table with a collision-resolving strategy of chaining, a load factor of λ = 0.7 can guarantee that adding a new item is O(1). Chaining is a collision-resolving technique in which each bucket in the hash table contains a linked list of items that hash to the same index. As the load factor increases, the length of the linked lists grows, which increases the time required to insert a new item. However, a load factor of λ = 0.7 ensures that there is still enough space in the hash table to keep the length of the linked lists manageable, allowing for constant-time insertion of new items.
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a possible _____of leasing an automobile is the smaller upfront cash outlay (i.e., security deposit).
A possible advantage of leasing an automobile is the smaller upfront cash outlay (i.e., security deposit).
Leasing an automobile has several advantages and disadvantages, and one advantage is the smaller upfront cash outlay, such as the security deposit. Leasing typically requires a lower down payment and smaller monthly payments than purchasing a vehicle outright, making it an attractive option for some consumers.
However, it also has disadvantages such as mileage restrictions, potential fees for excessive wear and tear, and the fact that the lessee does not own the vehicle at the end of the lease term.
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According to the research in the accuracy of paid exchange rate forecasters, Multiple Choice none of the options O as a group, they do not do a better job of forecasting the exchange rate than the forward rate does. the forecasters do a better job of predicting the future exchange rate than the market does. O the average forecaster is better at forecasting than the forward rate.
Based on the research on the accuracy of paid exchange rate forecasters, the most likely answer is that they do not do a better job of forecasting the exchange rate than the forward rate does.
This means that the market's forward rate is often more accurate than the predictions made by paid forecasters. However, it's important to note that forecasting is a difficult task and there may be some individual forecasters who are better than the forward rate or the average forecaster. It's important to conduct thorough research and analysis before relying on any one source for exchange rate forecasting. Hence, the correct option is: As a group, they do not do a better job of forecasting the exchange rate than the forward rate does.
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Under the buy one, get one free regime, the Budget line rotates counter-clockwise Price is reduced by 50% Budget set expands Indifference curve is changed The marginal rate of substitution (MRS) determines the rate at which a consumer is willing to substitute between two goods in order to achieve A higher level of satisfaction A lower level of satisfaction The same level of satisfaction None of the statements associated with this question are correct If widgets and gidgets are complements and both are normal goods, then an increase in the demand for widgets will result from
The budget line rotates counter-clockwise.
A budget line is a graphical representation of the various combinations of two goods that an individual or a consumer can afford with a given income and prices of the goods. The budget line is a straight line that shows the maximum amount of one good that a consumer can purchase, given the quantity of the other good that they have chosen to purchase, while remaining within their budget constraint. The slope of the budget line represents the ratio of the prices of the two goods. If the price of one good increases, the budget line will rotate inward, and if the income of the consumer increases, the budget line will shift outward. The budget line is an important tool in microeconomics that helps in understanding consumer behavior and market demand.
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Assume the appropriate discount rate for the following cash flows is 8.7 per cent.Year Cashflow1 $1,3502 $1,2503 $9504 $750What is the present value of the cash flows?
The appropriate discount rate for the following cash flows is 8.7 per cent.Year Cash flow $1,3502. You can use the following calculation to get the present value of the given cash flows with a discount rate of 8.7%:
Present Value is equal to Cash Flow/(1 plus the discount rate), where:
A specific year's cash flow is known as the cash flow. A suitable discount rate is known as the discount rate.
•n is the number of years between the cash flow year (Year O) and the present year (Year O).
Apply the formula to each year, then add the results:
Year 1: $1,350 / (1 + 0.087)^1= $1,350 /1.087 = $1,241.95
Year 2: $1,250 / (1 + 0.087Y^2 = $1,250/1.181 = $1,058.42
Year 3: $950 /(1 + 0.087Y^3 = $950/1.285 = $739.30
Year 4: $750 / (1 + 0.087)^4 = $750 l 1.397 = $537.58
Add up the current values as follows: $3,577.25 from $1,241.95 + $1,058.42 + $739.30 + $537.58.
With an 8.7% discount rate, the cash flows' present value comes to $3,577.25.
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After analyzing the purpose and audience for your presentation, you will need to collect information and organize it logically. Well-organized information presented using repetition increases comprehension and retention of information. Speech experts recommend that you tell your audience what you are going to say, say it, and then tell them what you have just said. The introduction of your presentation should What strategy can you use to capture your audience's attention in your introduction? Provide a detailed explanation of your main points. Tell a joke or story. Read your résumé. The body of your presentation should Read the scenario, and then answer the question. Read the scenario, and then answer the question. You are preparing a presentation that describes your sales force in four different regions. What organizational pattern should you use? Topic/function Chronology Geography What should the conclusion of your presentation include? A specific and memorable take-away A section that identifies the speaker A detailed analysis of each main point Your conclusion is The end product of a team effort is often a written report, a series of self-contained electronic slides, and an oral presentation that is delivered live. Working in teams can be challenging if members do not carry their weight or cannot resolve conflict. However, if your group establishes successful team processes, you are more likely to produce an effective presentation. Successful teams
To capture your audience's attention in your introduction, you can tell a joke or story that is related to your presentation topic. This will help to engage your audience and make them interested in what you have to say.
In the body of your presentation, if you are describing your sales force in four different regions, the best organizational pattern to use would be geography. This will help to provide a clear understanding of how the sales force is distributed and performing in each region.
In the conclusion of your presentation, it is important to include a specific and memorable take-away that summarizes your main points. This will help to reinforce the key messages of your presentation and leave a lasting impression on your audience.
Successful teams establish effective communication, collaboration, and conflict resolution processes to produce an effective presentation. This requires each team member to carry their weight and contribute to the success of the team.
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Tech Football Strategy: Tech is playing State in the last conference game of the season. Tech is trailing State 21 to 14, with 7 seconds left in the game, when Tech scores a touchdown. Still trailing 21 to 20, Tech can either go for 2 points and win or go for 1 point to send the game into overtime. The conference championship will be determined by the outcome of this game. If Tech wins, it will go to the Sugar Bowl, with a payoff of $7.2 million; if it loses, it will go to the Gator Bowl, with a payoff of $1.7 million. If Tech goes for 2 points, there is a 33% chance it will be successful and win. If it goes for 1 point, there is a 0.98 probability of success and a tie and a 0.02 probability of failure. If the teams tie, they will play overtime, during which Tech believes it has only a 20% chance of winning because of fatigue. Use decision tree analysis to determine whether Tech should go for 1 or 2 points. Joanna came up with the following incomplete decision tree.
Q 17 Question 17 What should be following the "Success" branch of node 3? Select one:
a. $7,200,000 b. a decision node c. a probability node d. $1,700,000
Q 18 Question 18 What is the optimal strategy for Tech? Select one:
a. Go for 1 point b. Go for 2 points
17-The "Success" branch of node 3 should have a payoff of $7,200,000 since if Tech wins the game, it will go to the Sugar Bowl, with a payoff of $7.2 million18-.Expected Payoff of 2 Points $2,376,000
Q17: a. $7,200,000 should be following the "Success" branch of node 3 as it represents the payoff if Tech wins and goes to the Sugar Bowl.
Q18: The optimal strategy for Tech would be to go for 2 points. The expected payoff for going for 2 points is 0.33 * $7.2 million + 0.67 * $0 = $2.376 million. On the other hand, the expected payoff for going for 1 point is 0.98 * $1.7 million + 0.02 * $0 + 0.98 * 0.2 * ($7.2 million - $1.7 million) + 0.02 * 0.8 * ($0 - $1.7 million) = $1.764 million. Therefore, going for 2 points has a higher expected payoff and is the optimal strategy for Tech
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Joi Chatman recently received her finance degree and has decided to enter the mortgage broker business. Rather than working for someone else, she will open her own shop. Her cousin Mike has approached her about a mortgage for a house he is building. The house will be completed in three months, and he will need the mortgage at that time. Mike wants a 15-year, fixed-rate mortgage in the amount of $500,000 with monthly payments. Joi has agreed to lend Mike the money in three months at the current market rate of 4 percent. Because Joi is just starting out, she does not have $500,000 available for the loan; she approaches Ian Turnbell, the president of IT Insurance Corporation, about purchasing the mortgage from her in three months. Ian has agreed to purchase the mortgage in three months, but he is unwilling to set a price on the mortgage. Instead, he has agreed in writing to purchase the mortgage at the market rate in three months. There are Treasury bond futures contracts available for delivery in three months. A Treasury bond contract is for $100,000 in face value of Treasury bonds.
QUESTIONS 1. What is the monthly mortgage payment on Mike's mortgage?
2. What is the most significant risk Joi faces in this deal?
3. How can Joi hedge this risk?
4. Suppose that in the next three months the market rate of interest rises to 6 percent.
a. How much will Ian be willing to pay for the mortgage?
b. What will happen to the value of Treasury bond futures contracts? Will a long or short position increase in value?
5. Suppose that in the next three months the market rate of interest falls to 3 percent.
a. How much will Ian be willing to pay for the mortgage?
b. What will happen to the value of T-bond futures contracts? Will a long or short position increase in value?
6. Are there any possible risks Joi faces in using Treasury bond futures contracts to hedge her interest rate risk?
The answer to each of the questions are as follows :
1. The monthly mortgage payment on Mike's mortgage can be calculated using the formula for a fixed-rate mortgage:
Payment = P * r * (1 + r)ⁿ / [(1 + r)ⁿ⁻¹]
Where P is the principal amount, r is the monthly interest rate (which is the annual rate divided by 12), and n is the total number of payments.
Plugging in the numbers, we get:
Payment = $500,000 * 0.04/12 * (1 + 0.04/12)⁽¹⁵¹²⁾ / [(1 + 0.04/12)⁽¹⁵¹²⁾- 1]
Payment = $3,698.22
So the monthly mortgage payment on Mike's mortgage is $3,698.22.
2.The most significant risk Joi faces in this deal is interest rate risk. Interest rates may rise in the next three months, which would decrease the value of the mortgage she plans to sell to Ian. This could result in a loss for Joi if she cannot sell the mortgage for the market price as agreed with Ian.
3.Joi can hedge her interest rate risk by using Treasury bond futures contracts. She can take a short position in the futures contracts to offset the risk of rising interest rates. If interest rates do rise, the value of the futures contracts will increase, which will offset the loss in the value of the mortgage.
4a). If the market rate of interest rises to 6 percent in the next three months, Ian will be willing to pay less for the mortgage. The exact amount will depend on the prevailing market rate at that time.
4b). If the market rate of interest rises to 6 percent, the value of Treasury bond futures contracts will decrease. A short position in the futures contracts will increase in value as a result.
5a). If the market rate of interest falls to 3 percent in the next three months, Ian will be willing to pay more for the mortgage. The exact amount will depend on the prevailing market rate at that time.
5b). If the market rate of interest falls to 3 percent, the value of Treasury bond futures contracts will increase. A short position in the futures contracts will decrease in value as a result.
6.Yes, there are possible risks Joi faces in using Treasury bond futures contracts to hedge her interest rate risk. One risk is basis risk, which is the risk that the futures contract will not perfectly track the price of the underlying asset (in this case, Treasury bonds). Another risk is liquidity risk, which is the risk that the futures contract may not be available or that the bid-ask spread may be wide, making it difficult to execute the desired hedge.
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Doggy Parks Inn is also considering a new registration system. The treasurer has collected the following information about the proposed system. The project has an anticipated economic life of 3 years. The company will have to purchase a new system to replace the current registration system. The system has an initial cost of $1.4 million. The machine will be depreciated on a straight-line basis over 3 years. The company anticipates that the system will last for 3 years, and that after three years, its salvage value will equal $350,000.TII is considering this new system for only 3 years and will reevaluate the system after year three. The registration system will require an installation charge of $65,000 as well as a shipping charge of $12,000. The current employees of TII will be trained by a consultant on the new system. The training materials cost $12,000 and the up-front trainer’s fee is $56,000. There is a technology upgrade charge every other year (year 2, 4, etc.) for the new registration system of $500,000 after taxes. If the company goes ahead with the proposed product, it will have an effect on the company’s net operating working capital. At the outset, it will increase by $15,000. The treasurer expects this value to increase at 2% per year for the life of the project. In the terminal year, the net operating working capital will be recovered after the project is completed. The new system is expected to generate sales revenue of $360 million the first year, $367 million the second year, and $385 million the third year. Each year the operating costs (not including depreciation) are expected to equal 60 percent of sales revenue. The company’s interest expense each year will be 20% of Earnings Before Interest Expense and Taxes (EBIT) to maintain a consistent Capital Structure. By implementing the new registration system, TII will be able to fire one fulltime corporate headquarters employee whose salary is $89,000 per year. The company’s tax rate is 40 percent. The cost of capital for the firm is based on the factors in the first page. However, the treasurer states that the cost of capital for the firm is 12% and the cost of capital for this project is 13% The firm requires that all projects have a payback and discounted payback less than 2 years and 3 years respectfully. The firm also requires that the Profitability index be greater than 1.2. Four of the six decision rules must be acceptable to recommend the project. If you recommend that this project is to be accepted, then you are to increase the recommended enterprise value by the incremental impact of this project. If you recommend that this project be rejected, then there is no impact to the enterprise value.Please calculate NPV and IRR on Excel.
the NPV and IRR calculations help to evaluate the financial viability of the project and inform the decision-making process..
To calculate the NPV, you need to use the formula:
NPV = -Initial Investment + (Cash Flow Year 1 / (1+r)^1) + (Cash Flow Year 2 / (1+r)^2) + (Cash Flow Year 3+ Salvage Value / (1+r)^3)
Where r is the discount rate or cost of capital.
To calculate the IRR, you can use the IRR formula on Excel:
=IRR(range of cash flows)
Where the range of cash flows includes the initial investment, as well as the cash inflows and outflows for each year.
After calculating the NPV and IRR, you need to interpret the results in light of the firm's decision criteria. If the NPV is positive and the IRR is higher than the cost of capital, then the project is expected to generate a return greater than the required rate of return and is therefore acceptable. In addition, you need to ensure that the project meets the firm's other decision criteria, such as payback and discounted payback less than 2 years and 3 years respectively, and a profitability index greater than 1.2.
If the NPV is negative or the IRR is lower than the cost of capital, then the project is expected to generate a return lower than the required rate of return and is therefore not acceptable.
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the NPV and IRR calculations help to evaluate the financial viability of the project and inform the decision-making process..
To calculate the NPV, you need to use the formula:
NPV = -Initial Investment + (Cash Flow Year 1 / (1+r)^1) + (Cash Flow Year 2 / (1+r)^2) + (Cash Flow Year 3+ Salvage Value / (1+r)^3)
Where r is the discount rate or cost of capital.
To calculate the IRR, you can use the IRR formula on Excel:
=IRR(range of cash flows)
Where the range of cash flows includes the initial investment, as well as the cash inflows and outflows for each year.
After calculating the NPV and IRR, you need to interpret the results in light of the firm's decision criteria. If the NPV is positive and the IRR is higher than the cost of capital, then the project is expected to generate a return greater than the required rate of return and is therefore acceptable. In addition, you need to ensure that the project meets the firm's other decision criteria, such as payback and discounted payback less than 2 years and 3 years respectively, and a profitability index greater than 1.2.
If the NPV is negative or the IRR is lower than the cost of capital, then the project is expected to generate a return lower than the required rate of return and is therefore not acceptable.
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Blue Bank quotes the NZ$ at $.820 bid and $.825 ask. Green Bank quotes the NZ$ at $.805 bid and $.815 ask. For a locational arbitrage you could a. Buy Green Bank bid at $.805 and sell at Blue Bank ask $.825 b. Buy Green Bank ask at $.815 and sell at Blue Bank ask $.825 c. Buy Green Bank ask at $.815 and sell at Blue Bank bid at $.820 d.Buy at North West and Sell at Kanye West
Option (c) would be the best decision to execute a locational arbitrage: acquire the NZ$ at Green Bank's ask price of $.815 and sell it for a profit at Blue Bank's bid price of $.820.
Use of Zelle by Blue Federal Credit Union?Open the Blue Federal Credit Union mobile application. "Send money with Zelle®" should be chosen. Register your email address or mobile number in the US. You are now prepared to use Zelle® to transfer and receive money.
What is the Zelle daily cap?Is there a maximum amount I can transfer or request using Zelle®? With Zelle®, you can donate up to $2,500 every day. With Zelle®, there are no restrictions on the amount you can request, but be aware that the people sending you money might have their own limits in place.
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one objective of risk management can be to reduce the volatility of a firm's cash flows. a. true b. false
The statement "One objective of risk management can be to reduce the volatility of a firm's cash flows" is a. true.
Risk management aims to identify, assess, and control potential uncertainties that can impact a firm's cash flows. By doing so, it helps to stabilize the firm's financial performance and reduce the volatility of its cash flows.
Risk management is the discovery, assessment, and prioritization of risks, followed by the coordinated and cost-effective deployment of resources to limit, monitor, and control the likelihood or impact of unfavorable occurrences or to optimize the realization of opportunities.
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Suppose in the market for canoes demand is given by P = 30 – 1.5Qd. If a popular news station runs a story on the dangerous and scary fish in lakes, what could be the new reservation price for the 13th canoe?
a. 11.5
b. 10.5
c. 10
d. 11
The new reservation price for the 13th canoe after the news story could be option b. 10.
To answer your question about the new reservation price for the 13th canoe, let's consider the demand given by
P = 30 - 1.5Qd.
First, we need to determine the reservation price for the 13th canoe before the news story. To do this, we plug Qd=13 (since it's the 13th canoe) into the demand equation:
P = 30 - 1.5(13)
P = 30 - 19.5
P = 10.5
Now, let's consider the effect of the news story on the demand for canoes. If the news story scares people away from lakes due to dangerous fish, the demand for canoes would likely decrease. This means that the reservation price for canoes would be lower than before.
Although we don't have specific numbers to quantify the change in demand, we can deduce that the new reservation price for the 13th canoe will be lower than 10.5. Among the given options, only option b (10) fits this description.
So, the new reservation price for the 13th canoe after the news story could be: b. 10.
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Suppose Pat's dog barks loudly at night and keeps Erin awake. If Erin has a clearly defined right to peace and quiet at night, then: A. Pat should offer to pay Erin not to enforce her right so he can keep his dog. B. Erin should offer to pay Aaron to get rid of his dog so that she can sleep at night. C. the government should impose a tax on dog ownership equal to the value that Aaron receives from owning his dog. D. the government should subsidize new soundproof windows for Erin and her neighbors.
Answer:
The correct answer is D. The government should subsidize new soundproof windows for Erin and her neighbors.
Explanation:
A subsidy is a form of financial assistance given by the government to support a specific activity or group.
In this case, if Erin has a clearly defined right to peace and quiet at night, then the government should intervene to help her achieve this right. One way to do this is to provide subsidies for soundproof windows, which would help to reduce the noise from Pat's dog and enable Erin to sleep peacefully at night.
This solution benefits both Erin and Pat, as Erin gets to enjoy her right to peace and quiet, while Pat gets to keep his dog without having to pay for costly soundproofing solutions.
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Great product style typically stands on the shoulders of effective product ____ O Promotions. O Planning O Strategies. O Marketing, O Design
Great product style typically stands on the shoulders of effective product design. Option (D) is the correct answer.
While marketing promotions, planning, and strategies all play a crucial role in the success of a product, ultimately it is the design that sets it apart and makes it visually appealing to consumers. A well-designed product not only catches the eye of potential customers but also communicates quality and functionality, ultimately leading to increased sales and a successful product launch.
Product design is the process of creating a product that meets the needs and desires of users while also considering factors such as functionality, aesthetics, and manufacturability. Effective product design is essential for creating products that are not only visually appealing but also meet the needs of users in terms of functionality and usability. Great product style, therefore, option (D) is correct answer.
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southwest airlines’ customers wait on a first-come, first-served basis and board in zones to address the select principle of lean operating systems.
Southwest airlines’ customers wait on a first-come, first-served basis and board in zones to address the Increased speed and response of lean operating systems.
What is lean operating systems?
The goal of a lean operating system is to optimize value flow to customers while minimizing all forms of loss. The value streams of the operating system need to be individually and completely optimized. Value, value stream, flow, pull, and perfection are the five main tenets of lean manufacturing. Delivering value as defined by the client, eliminating waste, and continuous improvement are the three pillars of the Lean approach to business processes, which was originally inspired from the hugely influential Toyota production system.
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krista and rebecca sell lemonade on the corner it costs them 7 cents to make each cup. On a certain day, they sell 40 cups, and their producer surplus for that day amounts to $15.20. Kristi and Rebecca sold each cup for:a. 31 cents.b. 38 cents.c. 45 cents.d. 55 cents.
Krista and Rebecca sold each cup of lemonade for 38 cents.
This can be calculated by taking the total cost of making 40 cups (which is 40 x 7 = 280 cents or $2.80) and subtracting it from their total revenue for the day (which is $15.20).
The difference is their producer surplus, which is $12.40. To find out how much they sold each cup for, we can divide their total revenue by the number of cups they sold (which is 40), and we get 38 cents.
Producer surplus is the difference between the market price and the cost of production, and it represents the extra profit that producers earn from selling their goods or services. In this case, Krista and Rebecca's producer surplus for the day was $15.20, which means that they earned more than what it cost them to make the lemonade.
To find out how much they sold each cup for, we need to calculate their total revenue, which is the price they charged for each cup multiplied by the number of cups sold. We know that their total revenue for the day was $15.20, and we also know that it costs them 7 cents to make each cup.
By subtracting the cost of production from the total revenue, we can find out how much profit they made, which is $12.40. Finally, we can divide their total revenue by the number of cups sold to find out how much they charged per cup, which is 38 cents.
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(Table) Based on the table, what is the profit-maximizing output for John's Tricycle Company? Output Marginal Cost Total Revenue 5 1,200 7,500 6 1,300 9,000 7 1,400 10,500 8 1,500 12,000 9 1,600 13,500 A. 8 units B. 6 units C. 9 units D. 0.7 units
The answer to the question states that John's Tricycle Company should produce 8 units in order to maximise profits. Correct answer is option (a).
What is output?A computer system's output is the outcome of an action that the system has processed. Any type of media, including text, images, sound, and video, can be used as the output. The central processing unit (CPU) of a computer system produces output based on the information and commands it receives. The output can be sent to another system, printed to a display device, saved in memory, or utilised as an input for another operation. A process's state can be communicated to the user through output, together with mathematical results and visual data.
The output level that results in the biggest discrepancy between total income and marginal cost is used to determine this. When there are 8 units sold, the total income is 12,000 and the marginal cost is 1,500, leaving a discrepancy of 10,000. Any higher output level has a poorer profit since the marginal cost is greater than the total income.
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Enchanted Forest, a large campground in South Carolina, adjusts its accounts monthly. Most guests of the campground pay at the time they check out, and the amounts collected are credited to Camper revenue. The following information is available as a source for preparing the adjusting entries at December 31.
1. Enchanted Forest invests some of its excess cash in certificates of deposit (CDs) with its local bank. Accrued Interest revenue on its CDs at December 31 is $400. None of the interest has yet been received. (Debit Interest receivable.)
2. A six-month bank loan in the amount of $12,000 had been obtained on September 1. Interest is to be computed at an annual rate of 8.5 percent and is payable when the loan becomes due.
3. Depreciation on buildings owned by the campground is based on a 25-year life. The original cost of the buildings was $600,000. The Accumulated Depreciation: Buildings account has a credit balance of $310,000 at December 31, prior to the adjusting entry process. The straight-line method of depreciation is used.
4. Management signed an agreement to let Boy Scout Troop 538 of Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, use the campground in June of next year. The agreement specifies that the Boy Scouts will pay a daily rate of $15 per campsite, with a clause providing a minimum total charge of $1,475.
5. Salaries earned by campground employees that have not yet been paid amount to $1,250.
6. As of December 31, Enchanted Forest has earned $2,400 of revenue from current campers who will not be billed until they check out. (Debit Camper revenue receivable.)
7. Several lakefront campsites are currently being leased on a long-term basis by a group of senior citizens. Six months' rent of $5,400 was collected in advance and credited to Unearned Camper revenue on October 1 of the current year.
8. A bus to carry campers to and from town and the airport had been rented the first week of December at a daily rate of $40. At December 31, no rental payment has been made, although the campground has had use of the bus for 25 days.
9. Unrecorded Income taxes expense accrued in December amounts to $8,400. This amount will not be paid until January 15.
A. For each of the above numbered paragraphs, prepare the necessary adjusting entry.
B. Using these descriptions, identify the type of each adjusting entry.
C. Indicate the effects that each of the adjustments in part a will have on the following six total amounts in the campground’s financial statements for the month of December. Organize your answer in tabular form, using the column headings shown. Use the letters I for increase, D for decrease, and NE for no effect. Adjusting entry 1 is provided as an example.
D. What is the amount of Interest expense recognized for the entire current year on the $12,000 bank loan obtained September 1?
E. Compute the book value of the campground's buildings to be reported in the current year's December 31 balance sheet. (Refer to paragraph 3.)
A. Adjusting entries:
Interest receivable $400
Interest revenue $400
Interest expense $340
Interest payable $340
Depreciation expense $10,800
Accumulated Depreciation: Buildings $10,800
Unearned Camper revenue $1,475
Camper revenue $1,475
Salaries expense $1,250
Salaries payable $1,250
Camper revenue receivable $2,400
Camper revenue $2,400
Unearned Camper revenue $5,400
Camper revenue $5,400
Rent expense $1,000
Rent payable $1,000
Income taxes expense $8,400
Income taxes payable $8,400
B. Type of adjusting entry:
Accrued revenue
Accrued expense
Depreciation expense
Unearned revenue to earned revenue
Accrued expense
Accrued revenue
Unearned revenue to earned revenue
Accrued expense
Accrued expense
C. Effects of adjustments on the financial statements:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Cash NE NE D NE NE NE NE NE NE
Revenue I NE NE I NE I I NE NE
Expense NE I I NE I NE NE I I
Receivables I NE NE NE I I NE NE I
Payables NE I NE NE I NE NE I I
Unearned NE NE NE D NE NE I NE NE
D. Interest expense recognized for the entire current year on the $12,000 bank loan obtained on September 1 is $510.
E. The book value of the campground's buildings to be reported in the current year's December 31 balance sheet is $290,000. Explanation:
Depreciation per year = $600,000 / 25 years = $24,000
Accumulated Depreciation: Buildings at December 31 = $310,000
Therefore, Book value of Buildings = Original cost - Accumulated Depreciation = $600,000 - $310,000 = $290,000.
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In each blank type increasing, decreasing or constant to describe the returns to scale of the given production function.
a. The production function Q = 3LK^1/3 exhibits ______returns to scale.
b. The production function Q = LK^2 exhibits _____returns to scale.
c. The production function Q = 3L +K exhibits ______returns to scale.
a. The production function [tex]Q = 3LK^{1/3[/tex] exhibits increasing returns to scale.
b. The production function Q = LK² exhibits increasing returns to scale.
c. The production function Q = 3L + K exhibits constant returns to scale.
What is production function?A production function in economics describes the relationship between physical input and output quantities in terms of technology. The production function explains the greatest amount of output that can be created from any chosen quantities of different inputs or the least quantity of different inputs needed to achieve a specific quantity of output. Depending on the amount of fixed elements, the production function might be either short-run or long-run.
a. The production function [tex]Q = 3LK^{1/3[/tex] exhibits increasing returns to scale.
b. The production function Q = LK² exhibits increasing returns to scale.
c. The production function Q = 3L + K exhibits constant returns to scale.
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For the first three seconds of the day, the arrival rate at the donut shop is 10 customers per second. The donut shop is capable of serving 8 customers per second. Assume that the system is empty at the start and that no customer who arrives leaves without being served.
At the end of the first three seconds, how many patients would you expect to find in line? (customers)
30 customers arrived - 24 customers served = 6 customers in line
So, there would be 6 customers in line at the end of the first three seconds.
In the first three seconds, the donut shop can serve a total of 24 customers (8 customers/second x 3 seconds). However, the arrival rate is 10 customers/second, which means that there are 30 customers (10 customers/second x 3 seconds) who arrive during this time period.
Since the system is not able to serve all 30 customers, there will be a queue or line formed. The number of customers in the queue can be calculated by subtracting the number of customers served from the number of customers arrived. Therefore, the number of customers in line at the end of the first three seconds would be:
30 customers arrived - 24 customers served = 6 customers in line
So, there would be 6 customers in line at the end of the first three seconds.
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Sachi borrowed $7,000 to purchase a used car. The total amount she will need to pay includes the $7,000 she borrowed, $2,400 interest, and $250 loan fees. What is the finance charge on Sachi's loan? O $250. $9,650 $2,650 $2,400.