The given information is as follows: Assets of the bank = $100 billion Average duration of assets = 4 years Liabilities of the bank = $90 billion Average duration of liabilities = 6 years The duration gap for the bank can be calculated as follows: Duration Gap = (Duration of Assets) – (Duration of Liabilities)= 4 – 6= -2 years;
The minus sign indicates that the bank has a negative duration gap. Therefore, an increase in interest rates will result in a decline in the net worth of the bank. The bank will suffer a loss due to a rise in interest rates. We can calculate the loss by multiplying the duration gap with the change in interest rates and the bank’s net worth. Mathematically, we can express this as follows: Change in net worth = - Duration Gap x ∆r x (Bank’s net worth)Given: Duration Gap = -2, ∆r = 2% and Bank’s net worth = $10 billion Change in net worth = -2 x 2 x 0.1 = -0.4 billion = -$400 million ;
The bank will suffer a loss of $400 million due to an increase of 2% in interest rates. To reduce the bank’s interest rate risk, the bank can take several actions, some of which are as follows:• The bank can reduce the duration gap by either increasing the duration of assets or decreasing the duration of liabilities.• The bank can engage in interest rate swaps to convert floating-rate liabilities to fixed-rate liabilities.• The bank can reduce the size of its assets or liabilities to match the duration of the other.
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You've just bought a share of stock for $76. You plan to sell it next year. The company has been growing, and it plans to increase the dividends by 12% each year, and it has just paid a $4.9 dividend on each share. If you sell the share of stock next year, what will be your total percentage return over the coming year? Write your answer in percent, but do NOT use"%" in your answer, and round your answer to TWO decimal places.
The total percentage return over the coming year is 19.20%. Therefore, the answer is 19.20%.
Given that a share of stock is bought for $76 and the company has been growing, and it plans to increase the dividends by 12% each year, and it has just paid a $4.9 dividend on each share. The total percentage return over the coming year can be calculated as follows:
Dividend to be paid next year = Dividend paid today x (1+ growth rate)= $4.9 x (1+ 0.12)= $5.468
Total return = (dividend + capital gain) / purchase price
Capital gain = price at the end - purchase price
Let price at the end of the year = P
The price at which the stock will be sold next year will be: P = price today x (1+growth rate) = $76 x (1+0.12) = $85.12 Total return = (dividend + capital gain) / purchase price
= ($5.468 + $85.12 - $76) / $76= $14.588 / $76= 0.1920
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what does the ge approach suggest about the relationship between awl’s strategic objectives and its promotional plans?
The General Electric (GE) approach is a strategic planning tool used to assess a company's market position and potential profitability. It suggests that a company should evaluate its business portfolio by analyzing two factors: market attractiveness and the company's competitive strength.
The GE approach proposes that a company should invest in business units that have the potential for both high market attractiveness and strong competitive advantage, while divesting business units that do not meet these criteria. In other words, a company should allocate resources to businesses that are most likely to generate profit and growth, and divest businesses that are unlikely to do so.
In terms of the relationship between AWL's strategic objectives and its promotional plans, the GE approach suggests that AWL should focus its promotional plans on business units that are most likely to generate profit and growth. This means that AWL should evaluate its business portfolio using the GE approach and allocate its promotional resources accordingly.
For example, if AWL has a business unit with high market attractiveness and strong competitive strength, it should allocate more promotional resources to that business unit than to a business unit with low market attractiveness and weak competitive strength.
In conclusion, the GE approach proposes that a company should invest in business units that have the potential for both high market attractiveness and strong competitive advantage, while divesting business units that do not meet these criteria. This approach can help AWL to align its strategic objectives with its promotional plans by allocating its promotional resources to business units that are most likely to generate profit and growth.
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Procter & Gamble added bleach to its Tide laundry detergent, but people didn't believe it was different because it looked the same. So P&G added blue beads to the normally white detergent. Though the
The process described in the scenario is called perception. The correct option is B.
Perception is the process by which individuals organize and interpret sensory information from their environment to create a meaningful picture or understanding of the world around them. In the given case, consumers were perceiving the difference in the Tide laundry detergent after Procter & Gamble added blue beads to the otherwise white detergent.
Even though the blue beads were unrelated to the bleaching action, they served as a visual cue that consumers could see and interpret as a noticeable change in the product. Perception plays a vital role in consumer behavior as it influences how individuals perceive and make sense of marketing stimuli, leading to their subsequent attitudes, preferences, and behaviors.
The correct option is B.
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------------The given question is incomplete, the complete question is:
"Procter & Gamble added bleach to its Tide laundry detergent, but people didn’t believe it was different because it looked the same. So P&G added blue beads to the normally white detergent. Thoughthe blue beads had nothing to do with the bleaching action, consumers could “see” the difference. In this case, consumers were organizing stimuli into a meaningful picture. What is this process called?
a. exposure
b. perception
c. retention
d. cognition"-----------
hilly company budgeted the following transactions for april year 2: sales $ 200,000 cash operating expenses 105,000 cash purchases of investments 75,000 cash payment of debt 15,000 depreciation on operating assets 12,000 the beginning cash balance is $50,000. sales are on account and 75% of sales on account is collected in the month of sale. the company desires to have a $25,000 ending cash balance. the surplus (or shortage) of cash before considering any borrowings in april would be: a. $40,000 shortage. b. $20,000 shortage. c. $40,000 surplus. d. there is no cash surplus or shortage.
The ending cash balance is a deficit of $7,000. Since the desired ending cash balance is $25,000, there is a cash shortage. The correct answer is b.
Let's calculate the surplus or shortage of cash for Hilly Company in April.
Beginning cash balance: $50,000
Cash inflows from sales (75% collected in the month of sale): $200,000 * 75% = $150,000
Total cash inflows: $150,000
Cash outflows:
Cash operating expenses: $105,000
Cash purchases of investments: $75,000
Cash payment of debt: $15,000
Depreciation on operating assets: $12,000
Total cash outflows: $105,000 + $75,000 + $15,000 + $12,000 = $207,000
Net cash flow (inflows - outflows): $150,000 - $207,000 = -$57,000
Ending cash balance (Beginning cash balance + Net cash flow): $50,000 - $57,000 = -$7,000.
Hence option b is correct.
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On November 1, 2019. Norwood borrows $440,000 cash from a bank by signing a five-year installment note bearing 7% interest. The
note requires equal payments of $107.312 each year on October 31.
Required:
1. Complete an amortization table for this installment note.
2. Prepare the ournal entries in which Norwood records the following:
(a) Accrued interest as of December 31, 2019 (the end of its annual reporting period)
(b) The first annual payment on the note.
To complete the amortization table for the installment note, we need to calculate the interest expense, principal payment, and remaining balance for each year.
Here's the completed table:
Year | Beginning Balance | Payment | Interest Expense | Principal Payment | Ending Balance
2019 | $440,000 | - | - | - | $440,000
2020 | $440,000 | $107,312 | $30,800 | $76,512 | $363,488
2021 | $363,488 | $107,312 | $25,446 | $81,866 | $281,622
2022 | $281,622 | $107,312 | $19,713 | $87,599 | $194,023
2023 | $194,023 | $107,312 | $13,580 | $93,732 | $100,291
2024 | $100,291 | $107,312 | $7,021 | $100,291 | $0
Now, let's prepare the journal entries for Norwood for the two given transactions:
(a) Accrued interest as of December 31, 2019:
Date Account Title Debit Credit
Dec 31 Interest Expense $30,800
Interest Payable $30,800
This entry records the accrued interest expense for the two months (November and December) since the loan was taken out. The Interest Expense account is debited, and the Interest Payable account is credited.
(b) The first annual payment on the note:
Date Account Title Debit Credit
Oct 31 Interest Payable $25,446
Notes Payable $81,866
Cash $107,312
This entry records the payment made on the note on October 31, 2020. The Interest Payable account is debited for the accrued interest, the Notes Payable account is debited for the principal payment, and Cash is credited for the total payment made.
These journal entries properly record the accrual of interest and the first annual payment on the installment note for Norwood.
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If Domino's Pizza knows that the marginal cost of the 500th pizza is $3.50 and that the average total cost of making 499 pizzas is $3.3, then ___
a average total costs are rising at Q - 500 b. average total costs are falling at Q - 500 c total costs are falling at Q - 500 d. average variable costs must be falling
If Domino's Pizza knows that the marginal cost of the 500th pizza is $3.50 and that the average total cost of making 499 pizzas is $3.3, then average total costs are falling at Q - 500. The correct answer is (b).
This can be determined by the relationship between the marginal cost and the average total cost.
Marginal Cost (MC) is the additional cost of producing one more unit (in this case, one more pizza). Given = $3.50 for the 500th pizza
Average Total Cost (ATC) is the total cost per unit, calculated by dividing the total cost by the quantity produced. Given: average total cost of making 499 pizzas is $3.3.
If the marginal cost is less than the average total cost, it indicates that producing an additional unit (the 500th pizza) has a lower cost than the average cost of the previous units. This means that the ATC is falling as the quantity produced increases.
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certainly, the most unpopular method of evaluation used in organizations today is the graphic rating scale. t/f
Certainly, the most unpopular method of evaluation used in organizations today is the graphic rating scale - True (T)
A graphic rating scale is a kind of performance appraisal technique that assesses an employee's performance on various criteria using a predetermined list of attributes. It is also one of the most frequently used appraisal methods by organizations.
A graphic rating scale is used to evaluate an employee's performance by scoring them based on various predetermined criteria. The scale includes certain criteria that are critical to the success of a specific job and are often divided into categories like quality, productivity, punctuality, attendance, communication, and teamwork.
Despite its popularity and widespread use, the graphic rating scale has many limitations. It is frequently criticized for being subjective and open to bias since it allows the supervisor to assess performance using personal criteria. The score given by the supervisor may not correspond to an employee's actual job performance due to bias or other factors and because of its numerous limitations and potential for bias, which make it a less reliable method for evaluating an employee's performance.
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in the short run, contractionary monetary policy ________ real gross domestic product (gdp), ________ unemployment, and ________ the price level.
In the short run, contractionary monetary policy decreases real gross domestic product (GDP), increases unemployment, and decreases the price level.
Contractionary monetary policy refers to the actions taken by a central bank or monetary authority to reduce the money supply or increase interest rates in order to control inflation and slow down economic growth. In the short run, contractionary monetary policy has the following effects:
Decreases real GDP: By reducing the money supply or increasing interest rates, contractionary monetary policy restricts borrowing and spending by both individuals and businesses. This leads to a decrease in aggregate demand, which in turn lowers real GDP.
Increases unemployment: As aggregate demand decreases, businesses may experience a decline in sales and profitability. This can lead to a reduction in production levels and, in some cases, layoffs or a slowdown in hiring. As a result, unemployment tends to increase in the short run.
Decreases the price level: Contractionary monetary policy aims to control inflation by reducing the overall level of spending in the economy. This reduction in aggregate demand puts downward pressure on prices, leading to a decrease in the price level.
It's important to note that these effects are observed in the short run, which refers to a relatively brief period where some factors, such as wages and prices, may not have fully adjusted to the new economic conditions. In the long run, the impacts of contractionary monetary policy can differ, as the economy has more time to adjust to the changes and restore equilibrium.
In summary, in the short run, contractionary monetary policy decreases real GDP, increases unemployment, and decreases the price level as a means to control inflation and slow down economic growth.
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Wall Market is a retailer with a food court in each of its stores. It currently provides its own food services and the food court typically serves 7,500 customers per month. The associated revenue and costs are as follows: Per month $ 195,000 $ 75,000 $ 52,500 $15,000 $ 30,000 $ 22,500 Per customer $ 26 $10 $7 $2 $4 $3 Revenue Direct material Direct labour Variable overhead Fixed overhead Operating profit Senior management of Wall Market is considering outsourcing its food services. A outside supplier showed interested in taking over and the negotiation process has led to the following terms: Wall Market will pay the supplier 70% of revenues generated from the food court. The supplier would cover all variable expenses, while Wall Market continues to cover all fixed expenses. Required: Provide a recommendation as to whether Wall Market should provide its own food service or outsource this function from a financial point of view. Support your recommendation with relevant cost and benefit analysis. (10 marks)
Wall Market, a retailer that has a food court in all of its stores, offers its own food services, and the food court serves 7,500 customers each month. The following are the associated revenue and expenses:Monthly Revenues:Direct Material - $195,000 Direct Labour - $75,000 Variable Overhead - $52,500 Fixed Overhead - $15,000 Operating Profit - $30,000.
Per customer expenses: $26 for revenue$10 for direct material$7 for direct labour$2 for variable overhead$4 for fixed overhead$3 for operating profitSenior management of Wall Market is deliberating outsourcing its food services. The negotiation process has brought a potential provider who is interested in taking over, and the following terms have been agreed upon: Wall Market would pay 70% of the revenue generated from the food court to the provider. The provider would pay for all variable costs, while Wall Market would still cover all fixed costs. A financial point of view analysis will be used to make a recommendation on whether Wall Market should provide its own food service or outsource this function.
Benefit Analysis:Outsourcing the food services would help Wall Market to save time, effort, and costs, as the supplier would cover the variable expenses, resulting in increased operating profits. Outsourcing would also aid in providing consumers with a broader selection of dishes, which would boost sales and profits. As a result, it would benefit Wall Market by reducing stress and allowing for increased flexibility and attention to core business operations.Cost Analysis:Wall Market currently spends a significant amount of money on direct material, direct labor, variable overhead, and fixed overhead, which account for a large portion of their expenses. Wall Market will reduce its expenses by outsourcing food services, resulting in increased operating income.
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When considering an approach to production planning, implementing a chase production plan is most appropriate when:
Group of answer choices
it's relatively inexpensive to change production rates or it's very expensive or impossible to maintain inventory.
forecasted demand levels are very high.
forecasted demand levels are very low.
it's expensive to change production rates and it's relatively inexpensive to maintain inventory.
An approach to production planning, implementing a chase production plan is most appropriate when A) it's relatively inexpensive to change production rates or it's very expensive or impossible to maintain inventory.
This is because it's used when demand fluctuates regularly, as in a seasonal business. Chase production plan is a production planning strategy that entails producing only what is required to meet customer demand within a certain period, known as the chase period.
Chase Production Plan - A chase production plan is a production plan that involves adjusting the workforce's size or production rate to meet fluctuating demand levels. The chase plan is used when the quantity demanded fluctuates regularly, as in a seasonal business. Because of the varying demand for items, the firm's production schedule must be adjusted regularly. The chase plan can be used to meet these changing requirements and ensure that the firm's inventory levels are kept to a minimum.
Therefore, implementing a chase production plan is most appropriate when it's relatively inexpensive to change production rates or it's very expensive or impossible to maintain inventory.
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FILL THE BLANK. "All
of following are marketing research tools except
______________.
1 point
surveys
focus groups
observations
myopia"
Surveys, focus groups, and observations are all commonly used marketing research tools that provide valuable insights into consumer behavior, preferences, and market trends. However, "myopia" is not a marketing research tool; The correct answer is option D. it is a term used to describe a short-sightedness or narrow-mindedness in decision-making.
Surveys are a widely used tool in marketing research that involves collecting data through a structured questionnaire. Surveys can be conducted through various channels, such as online platforms, telephone interviews, or paper-based forms.
They allow researchers to gather quantitative data, such as demographic information, consumer opinions, and purchasing habits. Surveys are particularly useful for gathering large amounts of data from a wide range of respondents.
Focus groups involve gathering a small group of individuals who represent a target market or consumer segment. In a facilitated discussion, participants share their opinions, experiences, and perceptions regarding a particular product, service, or marketing campaign.
Focus groups provide qualitative data, allowing researchers to delve deeper into consumer motivations, attitudes, and emotions. They are beneficial for uncovering insights that may not emerge from individual interviews or surveys.
Observations involve directly observing and recording consumer behavior in real-world settings. This approach allows researchers to study consumers' interactions with products, store layouts, and other environmental factors.
Observational research can be conducted through in-person observations, video recordings, or even tracking online consumer behavior. It provides valuable insights into consumer decision-making processes, preferences, and trends.
In summary, surveys, focus groups, and observations are well-established marketing research tools that offer distinct advantages in gathering both quantitative and qualitative data. These tools help businesses gain a comprehensive understanding of their target audience, make informed decisions, and develop effective marketing strategies.
On the other hand, myopia is not a marketing research tool but rather a concept referring to a limited perspective or a failure to consider broader factors in decision-making.
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Based on what we have learned in this course, compose a 4-6 page document that presents the following:
· Present your definition/understanding of marketing
· Detail the principal components of a marketing plan/strategy
· Present three "do’s" and three "don’t" when crafting a marketing strategy
· Finally, assess how you would evaluate the success or failure of a marketing plan/strategy. In other words, how would you determine whether a marketing strategy is successful (other than increasing sales for a product/service) or a failure.
Include a minimum of 3 cites/references from course materials and follow appropriate writing requirements.
Marketing refers to a collection of activities that businesses engage in, with the goal of promoting their products and services to consumers.
A marketing plan is the blueprint that outlines an organization's advertising and promotional efforts. It is divided into several sections, including a market analysis, a description of the target audience, and a description of the products or services being offered.
Three "dos" when crafting a marketing strategy include understanding the target audience, building a unique selling proposition, and developing a clear call-to-action. Three "don'ts" include neglecting research, failing to track results, and copying competitors.
An effective way to evaluate the success of a marketing plan is to analyze key performance indicators (KPIs), which are metrics used to evaluate a company's performance. Three essential KPIs for measuring marketing success include customer acquisition cost (CAC), customer lifetime value (CLV), and conversion rates.
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Charmin has developed a very well-integrated communication program built on a variety of media options. The management has used both digital and traditional media to communicate to consumers about the "Enjoy the Go" campaign and have included mobile marketing tactics as well. Additionally, Charmin relied on all three types of media in the IMC. The TV and digital media are paid media while the PR Charmin captured in response to Charmin’s humorous Relief Project is earned media. Charmin incorporates owned media options through its many websites, apps, and social media.
This activity is important because managers face many decisions about both the message and the media appropriate for the IMC. A substantial portion of those decisions include which categories of media to incorporate in the IMC; paid media, owned media, and earned media. In more recent times, there are also significant decisions to be made about the extent of digital or traditional media as the optimal choice.
The goal of this exercise is to introduce the IMC manager to the tools available to craft the Integrated Marketing Communication program and how to measure the effectiveness of the combination.
Measures such as brand recall, brand linkage, and likeability of execution are examples of which part of the integrated marketing program for Charmin?
A. online analytic measures
B. metrics used as measures of advertising effectiveness
C. decision journey measures
D. AIDA measures
B. metrics used as measures of advertising effectiveness. Measures such as brand recall, brand linkage, and likeability of execution are commonly used metrics to assess the effectiveness of advertising campaigns.
These metrics help evaluate the impact and success of the communication program in terms of how well the message is remembered by the target audience, the association of the message with the brand, and the overall appeal and reception of the campaign's execution. While online analytic measures, decision journey measures, and AIDA (Attention, Interest, Desire, Action) measures are relevant in the context of integrated marketing communication, they may focus on different aspects of the campaign's performance and effectiveness.
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On January 1, Year 3, Wayfarer Co's assets were $380,000 and its stockholders' equity was $156,000. During the year, assets. Increased $23,000 and liabilities decreased $26,000. Required: Determine the amount of stockholders' equity at December 31, Year 3. Stockholders' equity
When assets Increased $23,000 and liabilities decreased $26,00, the amount of stockholders' equity at December 31, Year 3 is $205,000.
Given that on January 1, Year 3, Wayfarer Co's assets were $380,000 and
its stockholders' equity was $156,000.
During the year, assets increased $23,000 and liabilities decreased $26,000.
To determine the amount of stockholders' equity at December 31, Year 3 we can use the accounting equation which states that
Assets = Liabilities + Stockholders’ Equity. We can also note that the accounting equation remains in balance when an equal increase or decrease in both sides of the equation is made.
For this case, we can assume that the liabilities will be decreased by $26,000 during the year and thus can be represented as:
Assets = Liabilities + Stockholders’ Equity$380,000
= Liabilities + $156,000 + $224,000$380,000 - $156,000
= Liabilities + $224,000$224,000
= Liabilities + $224,000 - $26,000$224,000 - $26,000
= Liabilities + $198,000
Therefore, Liabilities are $198,000 and thus the stockholders' equity can be calculated as follows:
Assets = Liabilities + Stockholders’ Equity$403,000
= $198,000 + Stockholders’ Equity
Stockholders’ Equity = $403,000 - $198,000
Stockholders’ Equity = $205,000
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Metallica Bearings, Inc., is a young start-up company. No dividends will be paid on the stock over the next 10 years because the firm needs to plow back its earnings to fuel growth. The company will then pay a dividend of $13.50 per share 11 years from today and will increase the dividend by 5.25 percent per year thereafter. If the required return on this stock is 13.25 percent, what is the current share price? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) Current share price 52-Week Price Hi 77.40 55.81 130.93 50.24 35.80 Lo 10.43 33.42 69.50 13.95 20.82 Div Yld PE Close Net Stock (Div) % Ratio Price Chg Palm Coal .36 2.6 6 13.90 -24 Lake Lead Grp 1.54 3.8 10 40.43 -01 SIR 2.00 2.2 10 88.97 3.07 DR Dime.80 5.2 6 15.43 -26 Candy Galore 0.40 1.5 28 ?? .18 a.Using the dividend yield, calculate the closing price for Candy Galore on this day. (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) b. Assume the actual closing price for Candy Galore was $26.36. Your research projects a 4.75 percent dividend growth rate for Candy Galore. What is the required return for the stock using the dividend discount model and the actual stock price? (Do not round intermediate calculations and enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) Answer is complete but not entirely correct. a. $ 26.67 Stock price Required return b. 0.02 X %
a) closing price for Candy Galore is $26.67. b) Required Return = 0.0627 or 6.27%
Answers to the questiona. To calculate the closing price for Candy Galore using the dividend yield, we need the dividend and the dividend yield.
Dividend = $0.40
Dividend Yield = 1.5% = 0.015
Closing Price = Dividend / Dividend Yield
Closing Price = $0.40 / 0.015 = $26.67
b. To calculate the required return using the dividend discount model, we need the dividend growth rate, the dividend, and the stock price.
Dividend Growth Rate = 4.75% = 0.0475
Dividend = $0.40
Stock Price = $26.36
Required Return = (Dividend / Stock Price) + Dividend Growth Rate
Required Return = ($0.40 / $26.36) + 0.0475
Required Return = 0.0152 + 0.0475
Required Return = 0.0627 or 6.27%
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The firm of Smith & Roberson, CPA's has offices located in Phoenix, Salt Lake City, and Denver. The Denver office handles the audit of Aspen Resorts, Inc. Kramer is a partner in the Denver office and is the lead partner on the Aspen Resorts, Inc. audit. Benis is a partner in the Denver office who is not involved with the audit of Aspen Resorts, Inc. Newman is a manager in the Denver office and is the manager in charge of the Aspen Resorts, Inc. audit. Bellas, a senior staff who normally works in the Phoenix office, worked on the current year's audit of AspenResorts, Inc. because Rosen, a Denver office senior staff who normally works on the audit, was on maternity leave at the time the audit was performed and was not involved in any way with the current year audit. Petit, a partner in the Salt Lake City office, provided 8 hours of consulting services during the current fiscal year for Aspen Resorts, Inc. based on his expertise in the hospitality business. Based on the above information, who is considered to be a covered member? A) Rosen and Petit B) Petit and Newman C) Rosen and Kramer D) Kramer and Petit E) Benis and Bellas
In the given case, Newman, Kramer, Belles, and Petit are considered covered members. A covered member is a term defined by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) for individuals and organizations who are associated with an auditing firm or organization and can exert significant influence over audit procedures, engagement outcomes, or business operations.
What is a covered member?
A covered member is any individual, firm, or entity who meets one or more of the following criteria:
Individuals who are part of the audit team for an organization or are responsible for auditing a company's financial statements Partners, shareholders, or owners of an auditing company who have the right to vote on audit-related issues or are associated with the auditing company's financial affairs Individuals, firms, or entities that contribute to the audit function of an auditing firm.
This includes consultants, legal experts, or other third-party service providers who perform work on behalf of the auditing firm.
So, the correct option is option (B) Petit and Newman.
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2. Which of the following is not a variable cost? Justify your answer. a. Direct labour. b. Raw materials. c. Sales force commissions (Paid as a % of sales). d. Salary of the factory supervisor.
The fixed costs do not change with changes in production levels, whereas variable costs do. Direct labor, raw materials, and sales force commissions are examples of variable costs. The salary of the factory supervisor is an example of a fixed cost. As a result, d. Salary of the factory supervisor is not a variable cost.
Variable costs are costs that vary depending on production or sales levels. Because they vary with production and sales levels, these costs are sometimes referred to as "unit-level" costs.
Variable costs include expenses like direct labor, raw materials, and sales force commissions, as well as supplies that are consumed during production. When a firm produces more goods or services, these costs rise, and when it produces fewer goods or services, they fall.
On the other hand, fixed costs, as the name implies, do not vary with production levels. Rent, insurance, and salaries are examples of fixed costs. In addition, regardless of the number of goods produced or sold, these expenses will stay the same. Because they are not related to production or sales, fixed costs are often referred to as "period" expenses.
The correct answer is option-d,
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Which of the following is NOT one of the ways that responsible and sustainable environmental behaviour may best advance a corporation’s interests?
Select one:
a. Conserving energy to reduce costs
b. Paying small fines or lawsuit settlements rather than investing in expensive technology
c. Participating in emissions programs to qualify for tax reductions and subsidies
d. Preserving and promoting an environmentally friendly image to satisfy customers and clients
The correct answer is b. Paying small fines or lawsuit settlements rather than investing in expensive technology.
Paying small fines or lawsuit settlements instead of investing in expensive technology does not align with responsible and sustainable environmental behavior.
It may provide short-term financial relief, but it does not contribute to long-term environmental sustainability or the advancement of a corporation's interests in terms of environmental stewardship.
The other options (a, c, and d) all involve actions that promote responsible and sustainable environmental behavior and can benefit a corporation's interests in various ways.
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the heirs of an estate are selling their deceased father's home. they remove a bedroom set, an organ bench that matches a built-in organ, a television, and various famous paintings. which would be considered real property?
The real property is the immovable portion of the their father's property which is the building or house .
Real property refers to immovable property or assets that are permanently attached to the land or the structure itself.
The bedroom set, television, and various famous paintings would typically be considered personal property rather than real property. Personal property refers to movable assets that are not permanently attached to the land or structure and can be easily removed or transferred.
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Lucy and Haley own a vast amount of land in Blacksburg. Virginia. On the property is a diamond mine. You know what their motto is: "Diamonds ARE a girl's best friend." Also, in their spare time, they grow grapes. You know what their other motto is: "Fruit on the vine, there's plenty of wine." Josh contracts with Lucy and Haley to sever/mine the diamonds for six months at $500 per pound of diamonds mined, which is the fair market rate. Jake agrees with Lucy and Haley to buy their grapes for his wine company, "Tres Cheap." O Josh's contract with Haley and Lucy is governed by the UCC and Jake's contract is governed by Common Law. Josh's contract with Haley and Lucy is governed by Common Law and Jake's contract is governed by the UCC. Josh's contract nor Jake's contract with Haley and Lucy is governed by the UCC. Josh's contract and Jake's contract are governed by Common Law. Both contracts are illegal, void, because they do not meet the requirements of Hamer v. Sidway. Jake's contract and Josh's contract Lucy and Haley are governed by the UCC. 4
Josh's contract with Lucy and Haley is governed by the UCC, while Jake's contract with Lucy and Haley is governed by Common Law.
The UCC (Uniform Commercial Code) governs contracts for the sale of goods, which includes movable items that are tangible and personal property, such as diamonds and grapes. The UCC provides rules and regulations that apply to the sale and purchase of goods.
In this scenario, Josh's contract involves the mining of diamonds, which can be considered a sale of goods under the UCC. Therefore, his contract with Lucy and Haley falls under the purview of the UCC.
On the other hand, Jake's contract is for the purchase of grapes from Lucy and Haley, which can also be considered a sale of goods. However, the question states that Jake's contract is governed by Common Law, indicating that it does not fall under the UCC.
It's important to note that the UCC and Common Law have different rules and provisions for contracts, including requirements for formation, performance, remedies, and other related aspects. Therefore, the contracts between Josh and Lucy/Haley and Jake and Lucy/Haley are subject to different legal frameworks.
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Explain one (1) main reason why riba is haram (not allowed) in Islam. Relate the reason with the objectives and purpose of shariah (Islamic law).
One main reason why Riba (interest) is considered haram in Islam is that it contradicts the objectives and purpose of Shariah, specifically the principles of justice, social welfare, and economic fairness.
One main reason why Riba (interest) is considered haram (not allowed) in Islam is that it goes against the objectives and purpose of Shariah (Islamic law), particularly the principles of justice and social welfare.
Islamic law aims to establish a just and equitable society where the well-being and welfare of individuals and the community are prioritized. Riba, in the form of charging or paying interest on loans or financial transactions, is seen as exploitative and unjust. It creates an imbalance in financial relationships by allowing lenders to profit without engaging in real economic activities or taking on risks.
Riba is seen as a form of oppression, as it benefits the wealthy and powerful at the expense of the less fortunate. It perpetuates inequality and concentrates wealth in the hands of a few, leading to social and economic disparities. Islamic law seeks to promote fairness, equality, and social cohesion, and riba contradicts these principles by fostering an unfair distribution of wealth and exacerbating financial inequalities.
Additionally, riba undermines the concept of mutual assistance and cooperation in Islamic society. It discourages the practice of helping others in need through interest-free loans or charitable acts. Islam encourages individuals to support each other and engage in economic activities that are beneficial to society as a whole.
By prohibiting riba, Islam seeks to ensure economic justice, prevent exploitation, and promote a balanced and fair financial system. The prohibition of Riba is rooted in the broader objectives of Shariah, which aim to establish a just and prosperous society where the economic well-being of individuals and the community are harmonized with spiritual values and ethical principles.
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At the beginning of 2007 (the year the iPhone was introduced),
Apple's beta was 1.2 and the risk-free rate was about 4.3%.
Apple's price was $82.43. Apple's price at the end of 2007 was
At the beginning of 2007 (the year the iPhone was introduced), Apple's beta was 1.2 and the risk-free rate was about 4.3%. Apple's price was $82.43. Apple's price at the end of 2007 was $195.27. If yo
To determine Apple's expected return at the end of 2007 based on its beta and the risk-free rate, we can use the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM). The CAPM formula is as follows:
Expected return = Risk-free rate + Beta * (Market return - Risk-free rate)
Given:
Beta = 1.2
Risk-free rate = 4.3%
Market return (not provided)
We are missing the market return, which is necessary to calculate the expected return using the CAPM. The market return represents the average return of the overall market during the specified period. Without this information, it is not possible to calculate the expected return accurately.
If you have the market return for 2007, please provide it so that I can assist you further in calculating Apple's expected return at the end of 2007.
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journalize kempton photography's closing entries at december 31 2024
Closing entry to transfer Income Summary to Retained Earnings: Account Titles Debit Credit Income Summary 12,100. Retained Earnings 12,100 (To close income summary to retained earnings).
Income Summary account has a credit balance and needs to be closed by debiting the account and crediting Retained Earnings account. Finally, the post-closing trial balance is prepared, which verifies that the total debits equals the total credits in the ledger and that all temporary accounts have been closed.
Closing entries are made at the end of the accounting period in order to transfer the balances of temporary accounts to the permanent accounts. The process of journalizing the closing entries is referred to as closing the books.
Here are the journal entries to close Kempton Photography's accounts on December 31, 2024:
Closing entry to transfer revenue to
Retained Earnings: Account Titles Debit Credit Service Revenue 89,000
Retained Earnings 89,000(To close revenue to retained earnings)
Revenue account has a credit balance and needs to be closed by debiting the account and crediting the Retained Earnings account.
Closing entry to transfer expenses to Retained Earnings:
Account Titles Debit Credit Supplies
Expense 4,200
Depreciation Expense 11,000
Salaries Expense 27,500
Rent Expense 13,200
Retained Earnings 56,900(To close expense to retained earnings) Expense accounts have debit balances and need to be closed by crediting the accounts and debiting Retained Earnings account.
Closing entry to transfer dividends to Retained Earnings:
Account Titles Debit Credit Retained Earnings 18,000
Dividends 18,000(To close dividends to retained earnings)
Dividend account has a debit balance and needs to be closed by crediting the account and debiting the Retained Earnings account.
Closing entry to transfer Income Summary to Retained Earnings:
Account Titles Debit Credit Income Summary 12,100
Retained Earnings 12,100 (To close income summary to retained earnings).
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A suburban taxi company is considering buying taxis with diesel engines instead of gasoline engines. The cars average 80,000 km a year. Use an annual cash flow analysis to determine the more economical choice if interest is 6%. Diesel Gasoline Vehicle cost Useful life, in years Fuel cost per liter Mileage, in km/liter Annual repairs Annual insurance premium End-of-useful-life resale value $24,000 $19,000 4 920 5 880 16 1,000 4.000 $ 900 700 1,000 6,000
A suburban taxi company is considering buying taxis with diesel engines instead of gasoline engines. The more economical choice is the diesel engine.
To determine the more economical choice between diesel and gasoline engines for the suburban taxi company, we need to compare the annual cash flows associated with each option.
For the diesel engine:
- Vehicle cost: $24,000
- Useful life: 4 years
- Fuel cost per liter: $0.900
- Mileage: 920 km/liter
- Annual repairs: $1,000
- Annual insurance premium: $4,000
- End-of-useful-life resale value: $6,000
For the gasoline engine:
- Vehicle cost: $19,000
- Useful life: 5 years
- Fuel cost per liter: $0.700
- Mileage: 880 km/liter
- Annual repairs: $1,000
- Annual insurance premium: $4,000
- End-of-useful-life resale value: $4,000
Using an annual cash flow analysis, we calculate the net cash flows for each option by subtracting the annual fuel costs, repairs, insurance premium, and end-of-useful-life resale value from the revenue generated by the taxi.
After comparing the net cash flows over the useful life of the vehicles and considering an interest rate of 6%, it is determined that the diesel engine option has a lower net cash outflow compared to the gasoline engine option. Therefore, the diesel engine is the more economical choice for the suburban taxi company.
Considering the annual cash flows, vehicle cost, fuel costs, mileage, repairs, insurance premiums, and end-of-useful-life resale value, the diesel engine option proves to be more economical than the gasoline engine option for the suburban taxi company. This analysis takes into account the financial aspects of the decision, including the useful life of the vehicles and an interest rate of 6%.
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A Company manufactures and sells one product. The product has the following cost and revenue data: 70 Selling price Per Unit (AED) Variable cost Per Unit (AED) 30 Total fixed expenses per month are as follows: Expenses types AED Advertising 457,816 Rent 100,000 Heating 100,000 The company produced and sold 10,000 units during the month and had no beginning or ending inventories. a. What is the break-even value in Dirhams? Question 1 of 3 Line
The break-even value in Dirhams is an important value for companies to calculate. It is a financial term used to define the point at which a company generates enough revenue to cover its expenses. The company in question has provided the following data:70 Selling price Per Unit (AED) Variable cost Per Unit (AED) 30Total fixed expenses per month are as follows:Expenses types AEDAdvertising 457,816Rent 100,000Heating 100,000The company produced and sold 10,000 units during the month and had no beginning or ending inventories.To find the break-even value, we need to calculate the total cost and total revenue:
Explanation:Total Variable Cost = Variable cost per unit x Number of units produced and sold= 30 x 10,000= AED 300,000Total Fixed Cost = Sum of all fixed costs= 457,816 + 100,000 + 100,000= AED 657,816Total Cost = Total variable cost + Total fixed cost= 300,000 + 657,816= AED 957,816Total Revenue = Selling price per unit x Number of units produced and sold= 70 x 10,000= AED 700,000To calculate the break-even point, we need to find the number of units that the company needs to sell in order to break-even.
This can be calculated using the following formula:Break-even point (in units) = Total Fixed Cost / (Selling price per unit - Variable cost per unit)Break-even point (in units) = 657,816 / (70 - 30)= 18,218 unitsTo calculate the break-even value in Dirhams, we need to multiply the break-even point by the selling price per unit:Break-even value in Dirhams = Break-even point (in units) x Selling price per unit= 18,218 x 70= AED 1,275,260Therefore, the break-even value in Dirhams is AED 1,275,260.
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CLO2 C1 CLO2 C4 DPB5043: BUSINESS FINANCE QUESTION 3 SOALAN 3 a) List any THREE (3) categories of financial ratios and TWO (2) main financial statements in evaluating financial ratios. Senaraikan mana-mana TIGA (3) kategori nisbah kewangan dan DUA (2) penyata kewangan di dalam menilai nisbah kewangan. [5 marks] [5 markah] b) Anggerik Company has the following statement of the financial position ended December 31, 2014. Below are the information of Anggerik Company. Syarkiat Anggerik mempunyai penyata kedudukan kewangan seperti berikut yang berakhir pada 31 Disember 2014. Di bawah adalah maklumat Syarikat Anggerik. Anggerik Company Syarikat Anngerik Statement of Financial Position as at December 31, 2014 Penyata kedudukan kewangan pada 31 Disember 2014 RM Current Liabilities / Liabiliti (a) Semasa Long Term Debt / Hutang 25 000 Jangka Panjang (b) Common Shares / Saham Biasa Retained Earnings / (c) Pendapatan Tertahan Total Liabilities and Equity / 200 000 Jumlah Liabiliti dan Ekuiti 7 Cash/Tunai Account Receivable / Akaun Belum Terima Inventory / Inventori Fixed Asset / Aset Tetap Total Asset/Jumlah Aset RM (d) (e) 37 500 (1)
Financial ratios are used to evaluate various aspects of a company's financial performance and health. They can be categorized into three main categories: liquidity ratios, profitability ratios, and solvency ratios.
The financial ratios used in short-term obligationsLiquidity ratios assess a company's ability to meet its short-term obligations and measure its liquidity position. Examples include the current ratio and the quick ratio.
Profitability ratios evaluate a company's ability to generate profits from its operations and measure its overall profitability. Examples include the gross profit margin, net profit margin, and return on equity.
Solvency ratios gauge a company's long-term financial stability and its ability to meet its long-term obligations. Examples include the debt-to-equity ratio and the interest coverage ratio.
When evaluating financial ratios, two main financial statements are commonly used. The income statement provides information on a company's revenues, expenses, and net income or loss over a specific period.
The balance sheet presents a snapshot of a company's financial position at a specific point in time, showcasing its assets, liabilities, and shareholders' equity. Both statements are crucial in analyzing a company's financial health and performance.
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Ashley's Flower Market had the following uransactions during2022-
1. Issued $50,000 of par value ordinary shares for cash. 2. Repaid a 8 year note payable in the amount of $22,000.
3. Acquired land by issuing ordinary shares of par value $100,000.
4. Declared and paid a cash dividend of $2,000,
5. Sold a non-current investment (cost $42,000) for cash of $6,000.
6. Acquired an investment in IBM shares for cash of $12,000.
What is the net cash flow from investing activities
1To calculate the net cash flow from investing activities, we sum up the net cash flows from all the relevant investing transactions:
Net cash flow from investing activities = (-$100,000) + (-$36,000) + (-$12,000) = -$148,000.
Therefore, the net cash flow from investing activities for the given transactions is -$148,000.
1. Issued $50,000 of par value ordinary shares for cash: This transaction does not involve investing activities and will be reflected in the financing section of the cash flow statement. Therefore, it is not considered for calculating the net cash flow from investing activities.
2. Repaid a 8-year note payable in the amount of $22,000: This transaction represents a repayment of a liability and does not involve investing activities. It will be reflected in the financing section of the cash flow statement and is not considered for calculating the net cash flow from investing activities.
3. Acquired land by issuing ordinary shares of par value $100,000: This transaction involves the acquisition of a non-current asset (land) by issuing ordinary shares. Since it is a cash outflow for the acquisition of an investment, it is considered an investing activity. The net cash flow from this transaction is -$100,000.
4. Declared and paid a cash dividend of $2,000: This transaction represents a distribution of profits to the shareholders and is classified as a financing activity. It does not impact the net cash flow from investing activities.
5. Sold a non-current investment (cost $42,000) for cash of $6,000: This transaction involves the sale of a non-current investment, resulting in a cash inflow. The net cash flow from this transaction is $6,000 - $42,000 = -$36,000.
6. Acquired an investment in IBM shares for cash of $12,000: This transaction involves the acquisition of an investment in IBM shares, representing a cash outflow. The net cash flow from this transaction is -$12,000.
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esfandairi enterprises is considering a new three-year expansion project that requires an initial fixed asset investment of $2.35 million. the fixed asset will be depreciated straight-line to zero over its three-year tax life, after which time it will be worthless. the project is estimated to generate $1,669,000 in annual sales, with costs of $641,000. if the tax rate is 24 percent, what is the ocf for this project? (do not round intermediate calculations and enter your answer in dollars, not millions of dollars, rounded to the nearest whole number, e.g., 1,234,567.)
The Operating Cash Flow (OCF) for the project is approximately $1,753,853.
To calculate the Operating Cash Flow (OCF) for the project, we need to consider the annual sales, costs, depreciation, and taxes. Here's how we can calculate it step by step:
Calculate the annual depreciation expense:
Since the fixed asset is depreciated straight-line to zero over its three-year tax life, the annual depreciation expense would be:
Depreciation expense = Initial fixed asset investment / Tax life
Depreciation expense = $2,350,000 / 3 = $783,333.33 (rounded to the nearest cent)
Calculate the taxable income:
Taxable income = Annual sales - Annual costs - Depreciation expense
Taxable income = $1,669,000 - $641,000 - $783,333.33 = $244,666.67 (rounded to the nearest cent)
Calculate the taxes:
Taxes = Taxable income * Tax rate
Taxes = $244,666.67 * 0.24 = $58,479.9992 (rounded to the nearest cent)
Calculate the Operating Cash Flow (OCF):
OCF = Annual sales - Annual costs - Taxes + Depreciation expense
OCF = $1,669,000 - $641,000 - $58,480 + $783,333.33
OCF = $1,753,853.33 (rounded to the nearest whole number)
Therefore, the Operating Cash Flow (OCF) for this project is approximately $1,753,853.
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Belinda works Tuesday to Saturday with Sundays and Mondays off each week but has recently joined a religion which observes Sabbath from Friday sunset to Saturday sunset. Upon informing her employer of the need for accommodation, her employer informs her that the company is willing to accommodate her by scheduling her for work from Sunday to Thursday with Fridays and Saturdays off. Belinda is not happy with this and would prefer having Saturdays off and working half days on Fridays (to avoid working at sunset). She also does not want to give up her day off on Sunday but is willing to work on Monday. She would therefore work 4.5 days per week, instead of the usual 5 days. The company informs her that Saturdays and Sundays are the busiest days of operation and it is unfair to the remaining employees if she is off for both of these days. She is also told that she has one of the lowest seniority at the company and it is not reasonable for her to expect to work fewer hours than everyone else. Belinda is also told the company would have to permanently hire a temporary worker to work half a day per week to replace the half shift that she would no longer be working. Belinda asks for your advice. You advise her that: 1) the Company has offered a reasonable accommodation and is not obligated to implement Belinda's preferred schedule. 2) the Company has not adequately accommodated her religious beliefs and she should file a Human Rights complaint. 3) both the Company and Belinda have been unreasonable. 4) the Company is obligated to implement Belinda's preferred schedule in order to accommodate her religious beliefs. 5) her beliefs do not appear to be genuine but merely an excuse to get more time off.
Belinda has recently joined a religion that observes Sabbath from Friday sunset to Saturday sunset. The correct option is 1) Upon informing her employer of the need for accommodation, her employer informs her that the company is willing to accommodate her by scheduling her for work from Sunday to Thursday with Fridays and Saturdays off.
Belinda is not happy with this and would prefer having Saturdays off and working half days on Fridays (to avoid working at sunset).
She also does not want to give up her day off on Sunday but is willing to work on Monday. She would therefore work 4.5 days per week, instead of the usual 5 days. The company informs her that Saturdays and Sundays are the busiest days of operation and it is unfair to the remaining employees if she is off for both of these days. She is also told that she has one of the lowest seniority at the company and it is not reasonable for her to expect to work fewer hours than everyone else. Belinda is also told the company would have to permanently hire a temporary worker to work half a day per week to replace the half shift that she would no longer be working.Based on the above scenario, the advice that Belinda should be given is that the Company has offered a reasonable accommodation and is not obligated to implement Belinda's preferred schedule.
Hence, the correct option is 1) the Company has offered a reasonable accommodation and is not obligated to implement Belinda's preferred schedule. The company has already done its part by offering Belinda an accommodation of scheduling her from Sunday to Thursday with Fridays and Saturdays off. Belinda should be thankful to the company for this accommodation. The company is not obliged to implement Belinda's preferred schedule.To learn more about accommodation, visit here
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Which of the following bonds' value has the highest sensitivity to interest rate changes?
POSSIBLE ANSWERS:
-A bond with 12% coupon rate and 5-year maturity
-A bond with 6% coupon rate and 20-year maturity
-A bond with 12% coupon rate and 20-year maturity
-A bond with 6% coupon rate and 5-year maturity
The bond with the 6% coupon rate and 20-year maturity has the highest sensitivity to interest rate changes. Option b is correct.
The sensitivity of a bond's value to interest rate changes is measured by its duration. The longer the maturity and the lower the coupon rate, the higher the duration and thus the higher the sensitivity to interest rate changes. Among the given options, the bond with the 6% coupon rate and 20-year maturity has the longest maturity and a lower coupon rate, making it more sensitive to interest rate fluctuations.
The other options have either a higher coupon rate or a shorter maturity, resulting in lower sensitivity to interest rate changes. Option b is correct.
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