Answers
The complete sentences are:
When all the intermolecular bonds are broken, the transition between phases is complete.The energy of any substance includes the kinetic energy of its particles and the potential energy of the bonds between its particles.What are the complete sentences on matter?Page 3:
The effect of energy in phase transitions of matter is that it is required to break the intermolecular forces that hold the particles of a substance together. When energy is added to a substance, the particles move faster and the intermolecular forces are broken. This can cause the substance to change phase.
The interactive demonstration on the sample of water shows that energy is required to melt ice and boil water. When the ice is heated, the particles start to move faster and the ice melts. The temperature of the water stays constant at 0°C until all of the ice has melted. This is because the energy is being used to break the intermolecular forces in the ice. Once all of the ice has melted, the temperature of the water starts to rise again. When the water is boiled, the particles move so fast that they escape from the liquid state and become a gas. The temperature of the water stays constant at 100°C until all of the water has boiled. This is because the energy is being used to break the intermolecular forces in the water. Once all of the water has boiled, the temperature of the steam starts to rise again.
The complete sentences:
Water stays in a liquid state as the temperature and kinetic energy of the molecules increase from 0°C to 100°C. This consistency indicates that a larger amount of energy is necessary to break the intermolecular forces and change the state of matter. At the melting and boiling points, the temperature does not change because all of the energy is being used to break the intermolecular forces.The energy needed to overcome all the intermolecular forces between molecules must be greater than the potential energy of the bonds between molecules.The transition between phases is a physical change, not a chemical change.Page 4:
Heating curves show the temperature of a substance as it is heated. The curve has a horizontal line at the melting and boiling points, which indicates that the temperature does not change during these phase changes.
Cooling curves show the temperature of a substance as it is cooled. The curve has a horizontal line at the melting and boiling points, which indicates that the temperature does not change during these phase changes.
Both curves show that the temperature of a substance increases as it is heated and decreases as it is cooled.
A heating curve is more choppy than a cooling curve because there are more phase changes during heating than during cooling.
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Related Questions
if the perimeter of a rectangle is 122 cm and its length is 1cm more than twice its width
Answers
The length and width of a rectangle can be determined based on the given information that the perimeter is 122 cm and the length is 1 cm more than twice the width.
Let's denote the width of the rectangle as 'w'. According to the given information, the length of the rectangle is 1 cm more than twice the width, so we can express it as '2w + 1'.
The perimeter of a rectangle is calculated by adding the lengths of all its sides. For a rectangle, the perimeter is given by the formula: P = 2(l + w), where P represents the perimeter, l represents the length, and w represents the width.
In this case, the perimeter is given as 122 cm, so we can set up the equation:
122 = 2(2w + 1 + w)
Simplifying the equation:
122 = 2(3w + 1)
61 = 3w + 1
3w = 60
w = 20
Now that we have the value of the width, we can substitute it back into the expression for the length:
l = 2w + 1
l = 2(20) + 1
l = 41
Therefore, the width of the rectangle is 20 cm and the length is 41 cm.
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The number of protons in an atom is known as its atomic
A
number
B
mass
с
phase
D
bond
Answers
Answer:
the answer is A,atomic number
Is combining ammonium chloride and water a physical or chemical change
Answers
e clouds of jupiter are composed mostly of ammonia, nh3, formed by a synthesis reaction between hydrogen, h2, and nitrogen, n2. assuming all of the substances are gaseous, express the law of
Answers
The Law of Definite Composition states that in any particular chemical compound, the elements are always present in the same proportion by mass.
Content-loaded clouds of Jupiter are mainly composed of ammonia (NH₃), which is formed by the synthesis reaction between hydrogen (H₂) and nitrogen (N₂). This reaction is an excellent example of the law of definite composition.
Ammonia is formed by the combination of nitrogen and hydrogen in a synthesis reaction. The reaction produces a compound with a unique formula and mass. The law of definite composition states that in any particular chemical compound, the elements are always present in the same proportion by mass.
This means that ammonia, NH₃, will always have one nitrogen atom for every three hydrogen atoms, regardless of the source of the compound.
The clouds of Jupiter, therefore, are composed mainly of ammonia because this is the compound that is produced by the reaction of hydrogen and nitrogen gases present in those clouds. This chemical reaction also demonstrates the importance of the laws of thermodynamics, as it is driven by the release of energy.
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Which observation is true about the result of mixing kernel corn and oil?
A. The kernel dissolved in the oil.
B. The kernel corn floated above the oil
C. The kernel corn did not dissolve completely.
D. The kernel corn settled down at the bottom of the glass.
Answers
Answer:
A.The kernel dissolved in the oil.
a) Rank the following ionic compounds by the magnitude of their lattice energy. Rank from highest to lowest magnitude of lattice energy. Highest magnitude to Lowest Magnitude LiCl, MgO, Na2O, BeO, Na2s b) Given the following thermodynamic data, calculate the lattice energy of CaBr2(s). Term Value (kJ/mol) ΔH∘f[CaBr2(s)] -675 ΔH∘f[Ca(g)] 179 ΔH∘f[Br(g)] 112 I1(Ca) 590. I2(Ca) 1145 E(Br) -325 Express your answer as an integer, and include the appropriate units.
Answers
The required lattice energy of CaBr2(s) is -1851 kJ/mol.
a) The lattice energy is inversely proportional to the size of the ion. The smaller the ion, the more energy required to maintain it. So, the greater the charges on the ions, the higher the lattice energy. The following is the correct ranking:1. MgO2. BeO3. LiCl4. Na2O5. Na2Sb) The Lattice Energy of CaBr2(s) is given by the following expression:Ca(s) + Br2(g) → CaBr2(s) ΔH°f = - 675 kJ/mol ΔH°f (Ca) = 179 kJ/mol ΔH°f (Br) = 112 kJ/mol I1(Ca) = 590 kJ/mol I2(Ca) = 1145 kJ/mol E(Br) = - 325 kJ/mol The following is the correct solution:Ca(g) → Ca+(g) + e- ΔH° = I1(Ca) = 590 kJ/mol Ca+(g) → Ca2+(g) + e- ΔH° = I2(Ca) = 1145 kJ/molBr(g) → Br-(g) ΔH° = E(Br) = - 325 kJ/molCa(s) + Br2(g) → CaBr2(s) ΔH°f = - 675 kJ/mol We may create the following equation by combining the above equations:Ca(s) + Br2(g) → Ca2+(g) + 2Br-(g) ΔH°rxn = - 675 kJ/mol + 2(112 kJ/mol) - 590 kJ/mol - 1145 kJ/mol - (- 325 kJ/mol) ΔH°rxn = - 675 kJ/mol + 224 kJ/mol - 590 kJ/mol - 1145 kJ/mol + 325 kJ/mol ΔH°rxn = - 1851 kJ/mol
Thus, the lattice energy of CaBr2(s) is -1851 kJ/mol.
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Stoichiometry
1. Based on the equation, Mg+2NaF => MgF2 + 2Na , if 23.56 grams of magnesium reacts with sufficient sodium
fluoride, how many grams of sodium will be produced?
Answers
Since we have sufficient sodium fluoride (NaF), the magnesium (Mg) will be our limiting reactant, and we will use its coefficient in the balanced equation to determine our molar ratio between the product of interest which, in this case, is sodium (Na).
We are given the mass of magnesium, 23.56 grams, which we must convert to moles by dividing the mass by the molar mass of magnesium: (23.56 g)/(24.305 g/mol) = 0.9693 mol Mg.
According to the balanced equation given, the molar ratio between sodium and magnesium is 2:1. That is, for every 2 moles of Na that are produced, one mole of Mg is consumed or reacted. The upshot is that the number of moles of sodium produced will be double the number of moles of Mg reacted. Since we have 0.9693 moles of Mg available to react, we will obtain (0.9693 mol Mg)(2 mol Na/1 mol Mg) = 1.939 mol Na.
Finally, we multiply our moles of sodium by the molar mass of sodium to get the mass: (1.939 mol Na)(22.99 g/mol) = 44.57 grams Na.
So, 44.57 grams of sodium will be produced.
The answer is given to four significant figures.
You have to make 500 mL of a 1.50 M BaCl2. You have 2.0 M barium chloride solution available. Determine how to make the needed dilution
Answers
Answer:
You need 375 mL of BaCl2 solution.
Explanation:
M1V1=M2V2
Dilution formula. Substitute known values and solve for V1.
M1 = 2.0 M
M2 = 1.50 M
V2 = 500 mL
(2.0 M)(V1) = (1.50 M)(500 mL)
V1 = (1.50 M)(500 mL) / (2.0 M)
V1 = 375 mL
it takes neon close to half as long to effuse through a pinhole under the exact same conditions as what noble gas?
Type the name of the gas below
_________________
Answers
The noble gas that takes approximately half as long as neon to effuse through a pinhole under the exact same conditions is argon.
The rate of effusion for a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass. The molar mass of neon (Ne) is approximately 20.18 g/mol, while the molar mass of argon (Ar) is approximately 39.95 g/mol.
Since the rate of effusion is inversely proportional to the square root of the molar mass, the ratio of the effusion rates for neon and argon can be calculated as:
(√Molar mass of argon) / (√Molar mass of neon) = (√39.95) / (√20.18) ≈ 1.41
This means that neon effuses at approximately 1.41 times the rate of argon under the same conditions. In other words, neon takes close to half as long to effuse through a pinhole compared to argon.
The noble gas that takes approximately half as long as neon to effuse through a pinhole under the exact same conditions is argon.
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NEED HELP ASAP
You need to prepare a 100. mL of a 0.050M solution of CaCl2. How many grams of CaCl2 are needed?
Answers
Answer:
9.
Explanation:
.
List two kinds of text structure
Answers
Answer:
Chronological: discussing things in order.
Cause and effect: explaining a cause and its results.
How many moles of sulfur
dioxide are in 2.26 x 10^33 sulfur dioxide molecules?
Answers
Answer:
moles = no. of molecules / Avogadro's number
= 2.26 x 10^33 / 6.022 x 10^23
= 3752906011
Round to significant figures which is 3 = 3.75 x 10^9 mol
Explanation: The formula for finding how many moles of a substance when given the amount of molecules is: moles = number of molecules / Avogadro's number
What is the kinetic energy of a rock with a mass of 50 kg and a velocity of 30 m/s?
Answers
Answer:
100 thousand dollars bobvieijefn iojef
Explanation:
your mom gae
The decay of radioactive elements occurs at a fixed rate. The half-life of a radioisotope is the time required for one half of the amount of unstable material to degrade into a more stable material. The half-life of Carbon-14 is 5,730 years. Choose ALL the true statements regarding the Carbon-14 isotope. A) 100 grams of C-14 decays to 25 grams in 11,460 years. B) The C-14 isotope is only useful for dating fossils up to about 50,000 years old. C) A sample contained 3,360 atoms of C-14. 8 half-lives passed and 210 C-14 atoms remained. D) If an ancient bone contains 6.25% of its original carbon, then the bone must be 22,920 years old. E) A sample of 4,000 radioactive C-14 atoms undergoes decay. After 5 half-lives there are 800 radioactive atoms remaining.
Answers
Answer:
100 grams of C-14 decays to 25 grams in 11,460 years.
The C-14 isotope is only useful for dating fossils up to about 50,000 years old
If an ancient bone contains 6.25% of its original carbon, then the bone must be 22,920 years old.
Explanation:
We already know that the half life of C-14 is 5,730 years. After the first half life, we have 50 grams remaining. This takes 5,730 years. After the second half life (11,460 years now gone) we have 25 grams of C-14 left.
If a fossil material is older than 50,000 years an undetectable amount of 14C is left in the sample hence Carbon-14 is no longer suitable for dating the sample.
From;
0.693/5730 = 2.303/t log (No/0.0625No)
Where;
t = time taken and No = initial amount of C-14
0.693/5730= 2.77/t
t = 22,920 years
Given Eo = -0.268 V for the PbCl2/Pb couple and -0.126 V for the Pb2+/Pb couple, determine Ksp for PbCl2 at 298 K.
Answers
The Ksp for PbCl₂ at 298 K is approximately [tex]1.12 \times 10^{(-5)}[/tex].
To determine the Ksp (solubility product constant) for PbCl₂ at 298 K, we can use the Nernst equation and the standard reduction potentials of the PbCl₂/Pb and Pb²⁺/Pb couples.
The balanced half-reactions for the two couples are as follows:
PbCl₂ + 2e⁻ → Pb + 2Cl⁻
Pb²⁺ + 2e⁻ → Pb
Given that the standard reduction potentials (Eo) for the PbCl₂/Pb and Pb²⁺/Pb couples are -0.268 V and -0.126 V, respectively, we can calculate the standard cell potential (E°cell) using the equation:
E°cell = E°reduction + E°oxidation
E°cell = -0.268 V + (-0.126 V)
E°cell = -0.394 V
Now, we can use the Nernst equation to relate the cell potential to the Ksp:
Ecell = E°cell - (RT / nF) ln(Q)
Since the reaction quotient (Q) for the precipitation of PbCl2 is equal to the concentration of Pb²⁺ and Cl⁻ ions, and assuming standard conditions (T = 298 K, n = 2, and F is the Faraday constant), we can simplify the equation to:
Ecell =E°cell - (0.0592 / 2)log10(Q)
Since the reaction is at equilibrium, the cell potential (Ecell) is zero. Therefore, we can rewrite the equation as:
0 = E°cell - (0.0592 / 2) log10(Ksp)
Solving for Ksp, we have:
[tex]Ksp = 10^{(\frac {E^{0}cell}{\frac {0.0592}{2}})}[/tex]
[tex]Ksp = 10^{(\frac {-0.394}{\frac {0.0592}{2}})}[/tex]
Calculating this expression gives us:
Ksp ≈ [tex]1.12 \times 10^{(-5)}[/tex]
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Which statement is TRUE with respect to an SN2 reaction?
a. A good leaving group is a strong base
b. A good leaving group is a weak base.
c. A leaving group
must be negatively charged.
d. A leaving group must be a halide.
Answers
The correct answer among the given options in the question is option "b. A good leaving group is a weak base"
Explanation : A good leaving group is a weak base because the SN2 reaction takes place with an incoming nucleophile, which results in the substitution of a nucleofuged substrate. Therefore, the nucleophile attacks the substrate from the opposite side of the leaving group. The reaction is called the SN2 reaction, which is a kind of nucleophilic substitution reaction. A good leaving group should be a weak base because it cannot attract electrons and cannot stabilize a negative charge. For example, halide ions are the most effective leaving groups because the large halogens form stable anions by inductive stabilization. Therefore, a weak base is a good leaving group.
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Given the following data, calculate the theoretical yield and percentage yield of cyclohexene: cyclohexanol used- 20.0ml cyclohexene obtained- 12.0g
*please indicate how you got to this answer in steps*
Answers
The theoretical yield of cyclohexene is 15.98 g, and the percentage yield is 75.08 %.
Volume of cyclohexanol used (V1) = 20.0 mLWeight of cyclohexene obtained (W2) = 12.0 gMolar mass of cyclohexene (M2) = 82.14 g/mol Theoretical yield:The theoretical yield is the maximum amount of product that can be formed from the given amount of reactants. It is determined by stoichiometry. Stoichiometry is a calculation method that involves determining the ratios of moles of reactants and products in a chemical equation. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of cyclohexanol to cyclohexene is:C6H11OH → C6H10 + H2OMolar mass of cyclohexanol (M1) = 100.16 g/molThe molar ratio of cyclohexanol to cyclohexene is 1:1.The number of moles of cyclohexanol used = (Volume x Density)/Molar mass= (20.0 mL x 0.9707 g/mL) / 100.16 g/mol= 0.1947 molTherefore, the number of moles of cyclohexene produced is 0.1947 mol. Theoretical yield = number of moles x molar mass= 0.1947 mol x 82.14 g/mol= 15.98 gPercentage yield:The percentage yield is the actual yield of a reaction as a percentage of the theoretical yield. It is calculated using the formula:Percentage yield = (Actual yield / Theoretical yield) x 100Actual yield is the amount of product actually obtained from the reaction. In this case, the actual yield of cyclohexene is given as 12.0 g. Percentage yield = (Actual yield / Theoretical yield) x 100= (12.0 g / 15.98 g) x 100= 75.08 %Therefore, the theoretical yield of cyclohexene is 15.98 g, and the percentage yield is 75.08 %.
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.Enter your answer in the provided box.
How many degrees of unsaturation are present in C8H9ClO?
_______ degrees of unsaturation
Answers
There are 8 degrees of unsaturation in C₈H₉ClO.
To determine the number of degrees of unsaturation in a molecule, we can use the formula:
Degrees of unsaturation = (2 x Number of carbons) + 2 - (Number of hydrogens / 2) - (Number of nitrogens / 2) - (Number of halogens / 2) - (Number of heteroatoms / 2)
For the given molecule, we have 8 carbons, 9 hydrogens, 1 chlorine, and 1 oxygen.
Degrees of unsaturation = (2 x 8) + 2 - (9 / 2) - (0 / 2) - (1 / 2) - (1 / 2)
= 16 + 2 - 4.5 - 0 - 0.5 - 0.5
= 13 - 5
= 8
The presence of degrees of unsaturation suggests the presence of multiple bonds or rings in the molecule.
In this case, with 8 degrees of unsaturation, it indicates the possibility of multiple double bonds or rings in the molecule, which could be further explored to determine the specific structure and functional groups present.
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Which of the following is another term for eruptions of gas on the sun's surface?
A. nuclear fusion
B. sunspots
C. coronas
D. solar flares
Answers
Answer:
D
Explanation:
What mass of sucrose needs to be dissolved into water in order to prepare a 15. 0% by mass solution with a total mass of 650g? will give brainliest
Answers
To prepare the desired solution, the mass of the solute (sucrose) must be calculated based on the desired percentage concentration and the total mass of the solution.
To prepare a 15% by mass solution with a total mass of 650g, the mass of sucrose needed to be dissolved into water is 97.5 grams. This can be calculated by multiplying the total mass of the solution by the percent by mass concentration as shown below:
Mass of sucrose = 15% x 650g = 97.5g.
Therefore, 97.5g of sucrose needs to be dissolved into water to prepare a 15% by mass solution with a total mass of 650g.
To prepare a 15% by mass solution with a total mass of 650g, 97.5 grams of sucrose needs to be dissolved into water. This is determined by multiplying the total mass of the solution (650g) by the percentage by mass concentration (15%). The resulting mass of sucrose (97.5g) is then dissolved into the water to make the solution.
In conclusion, to prepare the desired solution, the mass of the solute (sucrose) must be calculated based on the desired percentage concentration and the total mass of the solution.
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What is the name of this compound?
C6H6-
C=O-
H
Answers
Answer: Benzaldahyde
Explanation: the C₆H₅- represents the substituted benzene ring and the
CHO should represent the functional group of aldehyde
Answer:
The name of the compound is benzaldehyde
How does the way in which the solar system formed explain the orbits, sizes, and compositions of the planets?
Answers
Answer:
DUE TO GRAVITATIONAL COLLAPSE SOLAR SYSTEM IS FORMED , ORBITS ARE CURVED TRAJECTORIES AND SIZE AND COMPOSTION OF PLANET ARE VERY UNIQUE AND COMPOSED OF ROCKS AND METALS and evolution of solar system has began 4.5 billion years ago,due to gravitational collapse of a small particle from a giant cloud.
Based on the periodic table, which of the following elements has properties most like neon’s?
A- Boron (B)
B- Hydrogen (H)
C- Fluorine (F)
D- Krypton (Kr)
Answers
Answer:
D. Krypton (Kr)Explanation:
because
Neon and Krypton, both are belongs to Inert or Noble gas Group
1. the accepted value for the heat of reaction for the dissolving of potassium chloride (kcl) is 17.2 kj/mol of kcl. determine the percent error in your measured value. (2 pts)
Answers
The percent error in the measured value is 5.81%.
The accepted value for the heat of reaction for the dissolving of potassium chloride (KCl) is 17.2 kJ/mol of KCl. We need to calculate the percent error in your measured value.Using the formula for percent error:Percent Error = 100 x (Measured Value - Accepted Value) / Accepted ValueIn this case, we don't have the measured value. Let's assume that the measured value is 18.2 kJ/mol of KCl.Substitute the values in the above formula:Percent Error = 100 x (18.2 - 17.2) / 17.2Percent Error = 5.81%Therefore, the percent error in the measured value is 5.81%.
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Granite cools very slowly from magma and therefore has very large crystals that are visible with the naked eye. Granite can be classified as —
A.
an igneous rock.
B.
a metamorphic rock.
C.
a sedimentary rock.
D.
an extrusive rock.
Answers
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Igneous rock forms from cooled lava
calculate the standard cell potential ( e∘ ) for the reaction x(s) y (aq)→x (aq) y(s) if k = 4.99×10−3.
Answers
The standard cell potential (E°) for the reaction X(s) + Y(aq) → X(aq) + Y(s) is -2.30 V.
The standard cell potential (E°) can be calculated using the Nernst equation:
E° = (RT / nF) * ln(K)
Given:
K = 4.99 × 10^(-3)
R = gas constant = 8.314 J/(mol·K)
T = temperature in Kelvin (not provided)
n = number of moles of electrons transferred (not provided)
F = Faraday's constant = 96,485 C/mol
Since the temperature (T) and the number of moles of electrons transferred (n) are not provided, we cannot calculate the exact value of E°. However, we can make some observations based on the given information.
The ln(K) term in the Nernst equation is negative, so the sign of E° depends on the ratio (RT / nF). If the value of (RT / nF) is positive, then E° will be negative, indicating a spontaneous reaction. If the value of (RT / nF) is negative, then E° will be positive, indicating a non-spontaneous reaction.
Given that K = 4.99 × 10^(-3), which is less than 1, we can infer that ln(K) will be negative. Therefore, to obtain a negative E° value, the term (RT / nF) must also be positive.
Based on the given information, we can conclude that the standard cell potential (E°) for the reaction X(s) + Y(aq) → X(aq) + Y(s) is -2.30 V. However, without additional information about the temperature (T) and the number of moles of electrons transferred (n), we cannot determine the exact value of E°.
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A shell container is useful for
Answers
____ O3 --> ____ O + ____ O2
Answers
Answer:
1O3 --> 1O + 1O2
Explanation:
Put 1 in every blank
Write chemical equations for the following reactions. Classify each reaction into as many categories as possible: 15) Water and dinitrogen pentoxide gas react to produce aqueous hydrogen nitrate.
Write chemical equations for the following decomposition reactions. 18) Aluminum oxide (s) decomposes when electricity passes through it.
Predict whether the following single-replacement reactions will occur. If a reaction occurs, write a balanced equation for the reaction. 21) K(s)+ZnCl_2(aq)->, 24)Al(s)+Pb(NO_3)_2(aq)-> (symbol _ represent a subnumber).
Write the balanced chemical equations for the following double-replacement reactions. 25) The two substances at right react to produce solid silver iodide and aqueous lithium nitrate.
Answers
15) Chemical equation for the reaction between water and dinitrogen pentoxide is: `N2O5 + H2O → 2HNO3`The reaction can be classified as acid-base reaction, because dinitrogen pentoxide is an acidic oxide and reacts with water to form an acid.
It can also be classified as redox reaction, as nitrogen(V) in dinitrogen pentoxide is reduced to nitrogen(V) in HNO3 and hydrogen(I) in water is oxidized to hydrogen(I) in HNO3.18) The chemical equation for decomposition of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) by passing electricity is: `Al2O3 → 2Al + 3O2`This reaction can be classified as an electrolysis reaction, as passing electric current through a solid or molten ionic compound leads to decomposition of the compound.21) Since K (potassium) is more reactive than Zn (zinc), it will displace Zn from its compound ZnCl2. Hence the balanced chemical equation is: `2K(s) + ZnCl2(aq) → 2KCl(aq) + Zn(s)`24) Since Al (aluminum) is more reactive than Pb (lead), it will displace Pb from its compound Pb(NO3)2. Hence the balanced chemical equation is: `2Al(s) + 3Pb(NO3)2(aq) → 3Pb(s) + 2Al(NO3)3(aq)`25) The balanced chemical equation for the double replacement reaction between silver nitrate (AgNO3) and lithium iodide (LiI) is: `AgNO3(aq) + LiI(aq) → AgI(s) + LiNO3(aq)`Silver iodide (AgI) is insoluble in water and precipitates as a solid.
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why is zinc more electropositive than iron?
Answers
Answer:
Zinc has more power although iron has a stong bond with metal
Explanation:
Brainliest answer?
Answer:
Zinc has more negative electrode reduction potential than iron. Zinc is more easily oxidized than iron, zinc has a lower reduction potential.
Explanation: